.

0 (hodnocen0 x )

(2) Půjčeno:2x 

BK

1st ed.

Cambridge : Cambridge University, 2000

x,297 s. : il.

ISBN 0-521-56882-X (brož.)

Cambridge teacher training and development

Obsahuje ilustrace, tabulky, úvod, rejstřík

Bibliografie: s. 275-284

Angličtina - vyučování - příručky učitelské

000002794

Acknowledgements // Key terms and transcription conventions // Introduction // 1 Language-in-use // 2.1 Overview // 2.2 Some definitions and key concepts // 2.3 Aspects of discourse // 2.3.1 Relevance and choice // 2.3.4 Shared knowledge // 2.3.5 Organisation // 3 Grammar // 3.1 Overview // 3.2 What is grammar? // 3.2.1 Some different interpretations // 3.2.2 Some different viewpoints // 3.3 Grammar in action // 3.3.1 Children // via // 11 // 18 // 1.1 Overview 18 // 1.2 A basic framework for awareness of language-in-use 19 // 1.3 Features of language-in-use 21 // 1.3.1 Knowledge of the world 21 // 1.3.2 Context 27 // 1.3.3 Variety 33 // 1.3.4 Medium 37 // 1.3.5 Attitude 41 // 1.3.6 Effectiveness 43 // 1.3.7 Structure 47 // 1.3.8 Flexibility 50 // Discourse 54 // 2.3.2 Structures of spoken interaction 66 // 2.3.3 Meanings // 2.3.6 Purposes // 2.4 Discourse studies and their relevance to ELT 94 // 3.3.2 Adult ELI users 108 // 3.3.3 Learner (EL2) English 111 // 3.4 Factors in teaching grammar 113 // 3.4.1 Decisions and judgements 113 // 3.4.2 Explanations and terminology 115 // 3.5 Pedagogic approaches to grammar 117 // 3.5.1 Traditional grammar 117 // 3.5.2 ELT approaches 118 // 3.5.3 "reduced model" of grammar 125 // 3.6 Some alternative approaches 125 // 4 Variety 131 // 4.1 Overview 131 // 4.2 Terminology 131 // 4.2.1 Some common confusions over definitions 132 // 4.2.2 Code-switching 135 // 4.3 Attitudes towards varieties of English 136 // 4.3.1 Evaluating varieties 136 // 4.3.2 Evaluating quality of language use 138 // 4.3.3 "New" Englishes 140 // 4.4 The notion of appropriacy 142 // 4.4.1 Appropriacy in ELT materials 144 // 4.4.2 Teaching appropriacy 149 // 5 Change 152 // 5.1 Overview 152 // 5.2 Some background to language change 152 // 5.3 Reasons for change 154 // 5.3.1 History 155 // 5.3.2 Borrowings 159 // 5.3.3 Creativity 160 // 5.3.4 The media 162 //

5.3.5 Technology 164 // 5.4 Language systems and examples of change 167 // 5.4.1 Vocabulary 168 // 5.4.2 Grammar 169 // 5.4.3 Pronunciation 174 // 5.5 Socio-cultural influences on language change 177 // 5.5.1 Gender 178 // 5.5.2 Taboo language 179 // 5.5.3 Politically correct language 180 // 5.5.4 Attitudes and acceptability 181 // 6 Power 183 // 6.1 Overview 183 // 6.2 Approaches to language and power 183 // 6.3 Some language and power issues 184 // 6.3.1 Language choice: manipulation and accessibility 185 // 6.3.2 Knowledge about language 193 // 6.3.3 The power of standard varieties 195 // 6.3.4 English as a "sexist" language 198 // 6.4 Asymmetrical discourses 200 // 6.4.1 Some settings and contexts 201 // 6.4.2 Gender-based discourse 209 // 6.5 English as an international language (EIL) 211 // 6.5.1 The spread of English 212 // 6.5.2 Attitudes towards EIL 214 // 6.5.3 Ownership of the language 216 // 6.6 Empowerment of learners 217 // Commentaries 222 // References 275 // Index 285