Preface ...3 // Part 1 ...7 // Parts of the body ...7 // A patients personal details ...10 // Useful questions for obtaining case histories ...11 // Common symptoms ...27 // Instructions for the clinical examination ...33 // Common findings on examination ...43 // Investigations ...47 // Some common investigation results ...51 // Part 2 ...54 // 20 Case histories in a Casualty department ...54 // Case 1 : Cardiac arrest ...54 // Palpable Arterial Pulses ...56 // Descriptive words for the Arterial pulse ...56 // Descriptive words for a patient’s physique ...57 // Descriptive words for the Patient’s state of health ...58 // Case 2: Appendicitis ...61 // Positions of the Appendix ...64 // Descriptive words for the Abdomen ...64 // Descriptive words for the site of abdominal tenderness ...64 // Descriptive words for the severity of abdominal tenderness ...65 // Case 3: A sore eye ...66 // Descriptive words for the pupil(s) ...69 // Descriptive words for the eyelid ...70 // Descriptive words for the eyes ...70 // Descriptive words for the face ...70 // Case 4: Hand injury ...72 // Types of Hand Injury ...74 // Descriptive words for an Injured Finger or Toe ...74 // Descriptive words for a Damaged Tendon ...75 // Foreign Bodies found in wounds include ...75 // 329 Descriptive words for a foreign body ...76 // Case 5: Chest pain ...77 // Descriptive words for pain ...81 // Descriptive words for a Heart Sound ...84 // Descriptive words for a Heart Munnur ...84 // Case 6: Epistaxis ...86 // Descriptive words for blood ...89 // Various types of blood loss ...89 // Descriptive words for the nose ...89 // Descriptive words for the tongue ...90 // Descriptive words for a patient’s age ...90 // Case 7: Arterial embolus ...92 // Descriptive words for tissues of the lower limbs ...95 // Descriptive words for Gangrene ...96 // Descriptive words for a Blood Vessel ...97 //
Case 8: Head injury ...9? // Descriptive words for a Patient’s position ...102 // Descriptive words for a wound ...102 // Descriptive words for teeth ...103 // Descriptive words for the tympanic membrane ...104 // Descriptive words for tinnitus ...104 // Case 9: Fractured neck of femur ...106 // The various types fractures include ...109 // Descriptive words for a bone ...110 // Descriptive words for limb movement(s) ...1 ! 1 // Descriptive words for a Patient’s gait ...111 // Case 10: Chest injury ...I 13 // Descriptive words for the airway ...117 // Descriptive words for the tracheal position ...118 // Descriptive words for a Percussion note ...118 // Descriptive words for Breathing/ Breath sounds ...118 // Descriptive words for crepitations ...1 18 // Descriptive words for rhonchi ...119 // Case 11 : Paranoid psychosis ...120 // Descriptive words for a patient’s manner ...123 // Descriptive words for a patient’s behaviour ...124 // 330 Descriptive words for a patient’s mood ...128 // Descriptive words for a patient’s thought content ...131 // Descriptive words for a patient’s intellect ...132 // Descriptive words for a patient’s personality ...133 // Descriptive words for the voice ...135 // Descriptive words for speech ...136 // Case 12: Flame bum ...137 // Descriptive words for skin ...141 // Descriptive words for hair ...143 // Descriptive words for a scar ...143 // Case 13: Small bowel obstruction ...145 // Descriptive words for vomitus ...148 // Descriptive words for bowel sounds ...149 // Descriptive words for faeces ...149 // Possible finding on Anorectal Examination ...150 // Descriptive words for a colostomy ...150 // Case 14: Acute pyogenic meningitis ...152 // Descriptive words for a Rash ...154 // Descriptive words for a patient’s general condition ...155 // A patient, in response to an illness may ...156 //
Descriptive words for a fever ...156 // Descriptive words for Nystagmus ...157 // Case 15: Acute retention of urine ...158 // Descriptive words for an Abdominal Mass ...161 // Descriptive words for Urine ...162 // A patient may be ...163 // Case 16: Asthmatic attack in a child ...164 // Descriptive words for a patient’s cough ...166 // Descriptive words for a patient’s sputum ...167 // Descriptive words for a child’s nutritional/metabolic state ...167 // Descriptive words for cyanosis ...168 // Descriptive words for a child’s mental state or behaviour ...168 // Modes of Drug Administration // A drug may by administered: ...171 // On examination a child may ...171 // 331 Case 17: Prolapsed intervertebral disc ...173 // Differential Diagnosis ...176 // Descriptive words for a Patient’s mobility ...176 // Descriptive words for a Patient’s spine ...177 // Descriptive words for a muscle ...177 // Descriptive words for a reflex ...178 // Case 18: Acute salpingitis ...I7l) // Descriptive words for a Discharge ...183 // Descriptive words for the female breast ...185 // Descriptive words for the nipple ...185 // Some Obstetric Tenns ...185 // Case 19: Haematemesis ...187 // Descriptive words for bleeding ...190 // Descriptive words for a Patient’s blood pressure ...190 // Descriptive words for a Patient’s General Assessment ...190 // On examination a patient may ...192 // During a consultation a patient may ...193 // Descriptive words for nails ...194 // Descriptive words for a Patient’s attire ...195 // Descriptive words for a Patient’s character ...195 // Case 20: Knee injury ...200 // Descriptive words for an injury ...203 // Descriptive words for body tissue which has sustained injury ...203 // Descriptive words for a Joint ...204 // Descriptive words for a defonnity ...205 // Part 3 ...206 // Descriptive words for a lump ...206 //
Descriptive words for an ulcer ...212 // Descriptive words for a pathological lesion(s) ...213 // Descriptive words for a disease ...214 // Descriptive words for an operation or treatment ...216 // Part 4 ...218 // Verbs for operative surgery ...218 // Useful verbs in medical practice ...227 // Verbs for trauma ...234 // In a road traffic acciden a car may ...239 // 332 Types of intravenous fluids ...240 // Types of drugs ...241 // Common operations ...242 // Parts of the hospital ...245 // Members of the hospital’s health care team ...246 // Ward equipment ...249 // Operating theatre equipment ...252 // Surgical instruments ...254 // Words relating to medical administration ...255 // Miscellaneous medical words ...257 // Part 5 ...264 // Some pathological terms ...264 // Medical conditions ...265 // Obstetric & gynaecological conditions ...269 // Psychiatric conditions ...270 // Paediatric conditions ...271 // Surgical conditions ...274 // Part 6 ...282 // Medical abbreviations ...282 // A short discharge letter ...302 // A standard discharge summary ...304 // A general practitioner’s referral letter ...308 // A specialist’s clinic letter ...310 // Abbreviations for U.K. Medical Qualifications ...314 // Appendix: Figures with names of parts of the body ...317