.

0 (hodnocen0 x )

(20) Půjčeno:60x 

BK

Champaign, IL : Human Kinetics, c2007

xiii, 409 s. : il., grafy ; 29 cm

ISBN 978-0-7360-5092-0 (váz.) ISBN !0-7360-5092-2 (chyb.)

Bibliografie na s. 375-391, rejstřík, biografie

000005740

Preface xi // Acknowledgments xiii // Part I History and Current Status of the Study of Physical Activity and Health 1 // chapter 1 Why Study Physical Activity and Health? ...3 - Claude Bouchard, PhD - Steven N. Blair, PED - William Haskell, PhD // Human Evolution, History, and Physical Activity ...4 // Burden of Chronic Diseases ...7 // Health and Its Determinants ...8 // Aging and Health ...11 // Defining Physical Activity and Physical Fitness ...11 // Physical Inactivity Versus Physical Activity ...14 // Summary ...18 // Review Materials ...18 // chapter 2 Historical Perspectives on Physical Activity, Fitness, and Health ...21 - Russell R. Pate, PhD // Early Beliefs About Physical Activity and Health // Scientific Inquiry on Exercise and Health ...24 // Evolution of Physical Activity Guidelines ...27 // Summary // Review Materials ...34 // chapter 3 Physical Activity and Fitness With Age Among Sex and Ethnic Groups ...37 - Peter T. Katzmarzyk, PhD // Physical Activity ...38 // Physical Fitness ...42 // Summary ...46 // Review Materials ...47 // Part II Effects of Physical Activity on the Human Organism // chapter 4 Metabolic, Cardiovascular, and Respiratory Responses to Physical Activity ...51 - Edward T. Howley, PhD // Relationship of Energy to Physical Activity ...52 // Oxygen Consumption and Cardiovascular and Respiratory Responses to Exercise ...54 // Effect of Training, Age, and Gender on Maximal Oxygen Uptake ...62 // Application to Exercise Training and Physical Activity Interventions..63 // Summary ...63 // Review Materials ...64 // chapter 5 Acute Responses to Physical Activity and Exercise - Adrianne E. Hardman, MSc, PhD // Lipids and Lipoproteins ...68 // Insulin-Glucose Dynamics ...71 // Blood Pressure ...73 // Hematological Changes ...75 // Immune Function Responses ...76 // Responses Related to Energy Balance ...78 // Augmentation of Acute Effects by Training ...79 //

Summary ...80 // Review Materials ...81 // chapter 6 Hormonal Response to Regular Physical Activity ...83 - Peter H. Farrell, PhD // Defining Hormones ...84 // Importance of Hormonal Regulation ...87 // Regular Physical Activity and Hormonal Adaptations ...92 // Summary ...97 // Review Materials ...98 // chapter 7 Skeletal Muscle Adaptation to Regular Physical Activity ...99 - Howard J. Green, PhD // Skeletal Muscle and Human Life ...100 // Muscle Cell-Composition, Structure, and Function ...101 // Muscle Fiber Types and Subtypes ...107 // Muscle Adaptation and Functional Consequences ...113 // Aging Muscle-The Role of Training ...121 // Summary ...123 // Review Materials ...123 // chapter 8 Response of Brain, Liver, Kidney, and Other Organs and Tissues to Regular Physical Activity - Roy J. Shephard, MB, BS, MD (London), PhD, DPE // Acute Effects of Physical Activity ...128 // Chronic Effects of Physical Activity ...133 // Issues Requiring Further Research ...137 // Summary ...137 // Review Materials ...138 // Part III Physical Activity, Fitness, and Health ...141 // chapter 9 Physical Activity, Fitness, and Mortality Rates ...143 - Steven N. Blair, PED - Michael J. LaMonte, PhD // Physical Activity, Fitness, and Mortality ...144 // Biological Mechanisms ...157 // Summary ...157 // Review Materials ...158 // chapter 10 Physical Activity, Fitness, and Cardiac, Vascular, and Pulmonary Morbidities ...161 - Ian Janssen, PhD // Physical Inactivity and Low Cardiorespiratory Fitness As Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Morbidities ...162 // Physical Inactivity and Low Cardiorespiratory Fitness As Risk Factors for Pulmonary Morbidities ...166 // Biological Mechanisms ...167 // Role of Physical Activity in Patients With Cardiac, Vascular, and Pulmonary Morbidities ...168 // Summary ...170 // Review Materials ...170 //

chapter 11 Physical Activity, Fitness, and Obesity ...173 - Robert Ross, PhD - Ian Janssen, PhD // Definition and Problem of Overweight and Obesity ...174 // Fat Depots ...177 // Relationships Among Excess Weight, Physical Activity, and Fitness ...181 // Role of Physical Activity in Prevention and Treatment of Excess Weight ...184 // Summary ...188 // Review Materials ...189 // chapter 12 Physical Activity, Fitness, and Diabetes Mellitus ...191 - Oscar Alcazar, PhD - Richard C. Ho, PhD - Laurie J. Goodyear, PhD // Diabetes: Concept and Prevalence ...192 // Epidemiology, Etiology, and Complications of Type 2 Diabetes ...193 // Impact of Physical Activity on Insulin and Glucose Metabolism ...196 // Epidemiological Evidence Indicating Benefits of Physical Activity in Preventing Type 2 Diabetes ...199 // Summary of Randomized Controlled Trials on the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes ...201 // Importance of Regular Physical Activity for People With Type 2 Diabetes ...202 // Summary ...203 // Review Materials ...203 // chapter 13 Physical Activity, Fitness, and Cancer ...205 - I-Min Lee, MBBS, ScD // Importance of Cancer ...206 // How Physical Activity and Physical Fitness Decrease the Risk of Developing Cancer ...207 // How We Study Whether Physical Activity and Physical Fitness Decrease the Risk of Developing Cancer ...209 // Physical Activity, Physical Fitness, and Site-Specific Cancers ...210 // Summary ...216 // Review Materials ...217 // chapter 14 Physical Activity, Fitness, and Joint and Bone Health ...219 - Jennifer Hootman, PhD, ATC, FACSM // Burden of Selected Musculoskeletal Diseases in the Population ...220 // Dose-Response Relationships Between Physical Activity and Injury, Osteoarthritis, and Osteoporosis ...222 // Physical Activity, Bone Development and Maintenance, and Preservation of Function ...226 //

Challenges in Defining Exposure Data for Musculoskeletal Outcomes ...228 // Summary ...229 // Review Materials ...229 // chapter 15 Physical Activity, Muscular Fitness, and Health - Neil McCartney, PhD - Stuart Phillips, PhD // History of Resistance Training and Its Role in Health ...232 // Fundamental Aspects of Resistance Training ...232 // Resistance Training Throughout the Life Span // Resistance Training in Disease and Disability ...239 // Summary ...245 // Review Materials ...246 // chapter 16 Exercise and Its Effects on Mental Health - John S. Raglin, PhD - Gregory S. Wilson, PED - Dan Galper, PhD // Models of Exercise and Mental Health Research ...248 // Exercise and Anxiety ...249 // Exercise and Depression ...251 // Proposed Explanations for the Psychological Benefits of Exercise ...253 // Detrimental Psychological Responses to Exercise ...254 // Summary ...256 // Review Materials ...257 // chapter 17 Physical Activity, Fitness, and Children ...259 - Thomas W. Rowland, MD // Cardiovascular Health ...261 // Bone Health and Osteoporosis ...264 // Strategies for Promoting Physical Activity in Youth ...265 // Summary ...269 // Review Materials ...270 // chapter 18 Physical Activity, Fitness, and Aging - Loretta DiPietro, PhD, MPH // The Aging Process ...272 // Methodological Considerations in Aging Research ...275 // Demographics of Physical Activity Among Older Adults ...277 // Dimensions of Physical Activity and Their Relationship to Health and Function in Aging ...280 // Programmatic Issues in Promoting Physical Activity in Older Populations ...282 // Summary ...284 // Review Materials ...285 // chapter 19 Risks of Physical Activity ...287 - Evert A.L.M. Verhagen, PhD - Esther M.F. van Sluijs, PhD - Willem van Mechelen, MD, PhD // Risks of Physical Activity and Sport Participation ...288 // Minimizing Risk and Maximizing Benefits ...294 //

Recommendations for Future Research ...298 // Summary ...298 // Review Materials ...299 // Part IV Recommended Activity Amounts and Delivery Modes ...301 // chapter 20 Dose-Response Issues in Physical Activity, Fitness, and Health ...303 - William L. Haskell, PhD // Principles Guiding the Body’s Response to Activity ...304 // Components of the Physical Activity Dose ...305 // Factors Determining Optimal Activity Dose ...309 // Physical Activity Versus Fitness When Considering Dose for Health Benefits ...314 // Summary and Conclusions ...316 // Review Materials ...317 // chapter 21 Physical Activity and Exercise Programs - Adrian Bauman, MB, BS, MPH, PhD, FAFPHM // What Are Physical Activity and Exercise Programs? ...320 // Settings for Physical Activity and Exercise Programs ...323 // Strengths of Structured Versus Unstructured Programs ...326 // Physical Activity and Exercise Programs for // Subpopulations and Groups ...329 // Summary of the Effectiveness of Physical Activity Interventions ...331 // Review Materials ...333 // New Challenges and Opportunities 335 // chapter 22 Genetic Differences in the Relationships Among Physical Activity, Fitness, and Health - Tuomo Rankinen, PhD - Claude Bouchard, PhD // Basics of Human Genetics ...338 // Events in Human Genes and Genomes ...342 // Genetic Variation Among Sedentary People ...348 // Individual Differences in Response to Regular Exercise ...349 // Genes and Responses to Exercise ...350 // Trait-Specific Response to Exercise ...354 // Summary ...357 // Review Materials ...357 // chaopter 23 An Integrated View of Physical Activity, Fitness, and Health ...359 - William L. Haskell, PhD - Steven N. Blair, PED - Claude Bouchard, PhD // // Chapter Overview ...360 // Physical Activity Versus Inactivity: Universal Value Versus Damaging Consequences ...360 // Developing and Implementing Physical Activity Plans ...365 //

Research Questions and Issues ...372 // Summary and Conclusions ...373 // Review Materials ...374 // References 375 // Index 393 // About the Editors 403 // About the Contributors 405