.

0 (hodnocen0 x )

BK

New York : McGraw-Hill, c1992

xiv, 416 stran : černobílé ilustrace, fotografie

ISBN 0-07-557716-X (vázáno)

000015378

Preface ...xiii // SECTION I // INTRODUCTION ...1 // CHAPTER 1 // CONTENT READING AND COMMUNICATION ...3 // Rationale ...3 // The Goals of Content Reading ...5 // Understanding Essential Content ...5 // Learning How to Read-to-Learn ...6 // Developing Motivation for Lifelong // Reading ...8 // A Communication Approach ...9 // Communicating with Self and Others ...10 Integrating the Language Arts ...12 // What Is a Communication Approach to // Content Reading Instruction? ...14 // Summary ...15 // Special Projects ...15 // Suggested Reading ...16 // References ...17 // SECTION II // ASSESSING TEXTBOOKS, THE READING PROCESS, AND // STUDENT MOTIVATION ...21 // CHAPTER 2 // USING AND ASSESSING TEXTBOOKS ...23 // Rationale ...23 // How Texts Work in Schools ...24 // The Purposes of Texts // The Organization of Texts // Problems in Teaching from Texts // Assessing Texts // Readability Formulas // A Textbook Checklist // CLOZE Procedure // Trial-by-Teach i ng // Summary // Special Projects // Suggested Reading // References // CHAPTER 3 // UNDERSTANDING AND // ASSESSING THE READING PROCESS // Rationale // The Reading Process: An Interactive // View // The Reader // The Reader and the Text // The Reader and the Context -Individual Differences // Good versus Poor Readers // Development and Reading ...67 // Special Populations ...68 // Assessing the Reading Process ...72 // Standardized Tests ...73 // The Content Area Reading Inventory ...74 // Oral Language Observations ...79 // Student Interviews ...81 // Summary ...82 // Special Projects ...83 // Suggested Reading ...83 // References ...84 // Test References ...86 // CHAPTER 4 // ASSESSING STUDENTS’ MOTIVATION ...89 // Rationale ...89 // Reading Attitudes and Interests ...89 // Subject-Matter Motivation ...92 // Self-Concept ...92 // Value ...95 // Metacognitive Motivation ...95 // Individual Differences ...96 //

Highly versus Poorly Motivated // Readers ...96 // Development and Motivation ...97 // Special Populations ...99 // Assessing Motivation ...101 // Reading Attitude Scale ...101 // Interest Inventories ...101 // Subject-Matter Motivation Scale ...108 // Self-Concept Observations ...108 // Summary ...109 // Special Projects ...110 // Suggested Reading ...110 // References ...111 // CHAPTER 5 // INSTRUCTION ...115 // Rationale ...115 // What Is Good Instruction? ...116 // An Instructional Framework ...117 // Building Background and Motivation ...117 // Developing Content and Process ...121 // Encouraging Independence ...124 // Accommodating Individual Differences ...125 Developing a Class Profile ...126 // Identifying a Classroom Steering // Croup ...128 // Organizing for Instruction ...129 // Identifying Objectives ...129 // Select Resources ...133 // Making Planning and Teaching Decisions ...135 // Summary ...137 // Special Projects ...137 // Suggested Reading ...138 // References ...139 // SECTION III // READING-TO-LEARN: PLANNING AND TEACHING LESSONS ...141 // CHAPTER 6 // VOCABULARY INSTRUCTION ...143 // Rationale ...143 // Setting Goals ...145 // Content Goals ...145 // Process Goals ...149 // Motivation Goals ...151 // Planning for Instruction ...152 // Use of Prior Knowledge: Structured // Overviews and Semantic Maps ...152 // Context Analysis ...158 // Classification ...161 // Structural Analysis ...163 // Use of Outside Resources ...163 // Teaching a Lesson ...166 // Goals and Assumptions ...166 // Building Background and Motivation ...168 // Developing Content and Process ...168 // Encouraging Independence ...171 // Summary ...172 // Special Projects ...172 // Suggested Reading ...173 // References ...173 // CHAPTER 7 // COMPREHENSION INSTRUCTION ...177 // Rationale ...177 // Setting Goals ...180 // Content Goals ...180 // Process Goals ...182 //

Motivation Goals ...182 // Planning for Instruction ...184 // Pre-Reading ...184 // Guided Reading ...189 // Text Patterns ...198 // K-W-L ...204 // Teaching a Lesson ...206 // Goals and Assumptions ...206 // Building Background and Motivation ...208 // Developing Content and Process ...210 // Encouraging Independence ...212 // Summary ...213 // Special Projects ...214 // Suggested Reading ...215 // References ...215 // CHAPTER 8 // REASONING AND PROBLEM SOLVING ...219 // Rationale ...219 // Setting Goals ...222 // Content Goals ...222 // Process Goals ...223 // Motivation Goals ...228 // Planning for Instruction ...229 // Reasoning Guides ...229 // Reciprocal Teaching ...237 // Problem-Solving Lessons ...241 // Simulations ...244 // Teaching a Lesson ...249 // Goals and AssumpHons ...249 // Building Background and Motivation ...251 // Developing Content and Process ...253 // Encouraging Independence ...254 // Summary ...255 // Special Projects ...256 // Suggested Reading ...256 // References ...257 // CHAPTER 9 // STUDYING ...261 // Rationale ...261 // Setting Goals ...264 // Content Goals ...264 // Process Goals ...266 // Motivation Goals ...267 // Planning for Instruction ...267 // Note-Taking ...268 // Summarizing ...271 // Underlining ...272 // SQ3R ...274 // Locational Skills ...276 // Reading Rate ...277 // Time Management ...278 // Teaching a Lesson ...279 // Goals and Assumptions ...281 // Building Background and Motivation ...281 // Developing Content and Process ...282 // Encouraging Independence ...283 // Summary ...284 // Special Projects ...284 // Suggested Reading ...284 // References ...285 // x // CONTENTS // SECTION IV // READING-TO-COMMUNICATE: INTEGRATING WRITING AND DISCUSSION ...289 // CHAPTER 10 // WRITING ...291 // Rationale ...291 // Setting Goals ...294 // Content Goals ...294 // Process Goals ...296 // Motivation Goals ...297 //

Planning for Instruction ...298 // Pre-Writing ...299 // Drafting ...303 // Revision ...306 // Editing ...310 // Publication ...312 // Evaluating Writing ...313 // Teaching a Lesson ...315 // Goals and Assumptions ...315 // Building Background and Motivation ...316 // Developing Content and Process ...317 // Encouraging Independence ...318 // Summary ...318 // Special Projects ...318 // Suggested Reading ...319 // References ...320 // CHAPTER 11 // DISCUSSION ...323 // Rationale ...323 // Setting Goals ...326 // Content Goals ...326 // Process Goals ...327 // Motivation Goals ...329 // Planning for Instruction ...330 // Analyzing the Classroom Climate ...330 // Building Cooperation ...331 // Planning Whole-Class Discussion ...334 // Planning Small-Group Discussion ...342 // Special Considerations ...350 // Teaching a Lesson ...351 // Goals and Assumptions ...351 // Building Background and Motivation ...352 // Developing Content and Process ...352 // Encouraging Independence ...353 // Summary ...354 // Special Projects ...354 // Suggested Reading ...355 // References ...355 // SECTION V // EVALUATION AND SYNTHESIS ...359 // CHAPTER 12 // ONGOING ASSESSMENT ...361 // Rationale ...361 // Planning for Assessment ...363 // Assessing Content Learning ...363 // Assessing Process Learning ...364 // Assessing Motivation to Learn ...366 // Words of Caution ...368 // Making Assessment Decisions: The Case of Portfolio Assessments ...369 // The Content of Portfolios ...370 // Using Portfolios for Assessment ...371 // Summary ...373 // Special Projects ...374 // Suggested Reading ...374 // References ...374 // UNIT PLANNING ...377 // Rationale ...377 // Designing Units ...379 // Goals and Assumptions ...379 // Assessing the Content ...381 // Assessing Students ...382 // Making Instructional Decisions ...383 // Evaluating Students’ Learning ...390 // Reflection ...392 //

Integrating Other Forms of Instruction ...394 // Programs for Restructuring ...394 // Computers in the Classroom ...396 // Summary ...401 // Special Projects ...402 // Publishers’ Addresses for Computer Programs Mentioned in This Chapter ...403 // Sources for Reviews of Computer // Software ...403 // References ...404 // Appendix A: Bibliographic Sources of Books of Interest in Various Content Areas ...407 // Appendix B: Magazines of In terest to Readers in Various Content Areas ...409 // Index ...411