.

0 (hodnocen0 x )

BK

Příručka

1st ed.

Oxford : Oxford University, 1995

408 s. : il.

ISBN 0-19-437003-8 (brož.)

Oxford applied linguistics

Obsahuje předmluvu, jmenný a věcný rejstřík

Bibliografie: s. 362 - 394

Angličtina - testy - příručky

000031753

Preface viii // 1 Introduction // The aims of the book 1 // The climate for language testing 2 // Research and development: needs and problems 8 // Research and development: an agenda 12 // Overview of the book 13 // Notes 15 // 2 Measurement // Introduction 18 // Definition of terms: measurement, test, evaluation 18 // Essential measurement qualities 24 // Properties of measurement scales 26 // Characteristics that limit measurement 30 // Steps in measurement 40 // Summary 49 // Notes 50 // Further reading 52 // Discussion questions 52 // 3 Uses of Language Tests // Introduction 53 // Uses of language tests in educational programs 53 // Research uses of language tests 67 // Features for classifying different types of language test 70 // Summary 78 // Further reading 79 // Discussion questions 79 // 4 Communicative Language Ability // Introduction 81 // vi Contents // Language proficiency and communicative competence 82 // A theoretical framework of communicative language // ability 84 // Summary 107 // Notes 108 // Further reading 109 // Discussion questions 109 // 5 Test Methods // Introduction 111 // A framework of test method facets 116 // Applications of this framework to language testing 152 // Summary 156 // Notes 157 // Further reading 158 // Discussion questions 159 // 6 Reliability // Introduction 160 // Factors that affect language test scores 163 // Classical true score measurement theory 166 // Generalizability theory 187 // Standard error of measurement: interpreting individual test scores within classical true score and generalizability theory 197 // Item response theory 202 // Reliability of criterion-referenced test scores 209 // Factors that affect reliability estimates 220 // Systematic measurement error 222 // Summary 226 // Notes 227 // Further reading 232 // Discussion questions 233 //

7 Validation // Introduction 236 // Reliability and validity revisited 238 // Validity as a unitary concept 241 // The evidential basis of validity 243 // Test bias 271 // The consequential or ethical basis of validity 279 // Post mortem: face validity 285 // Contents vii // Summary 289 // Notes 291 // Further reading 294 // Discussion questions 294 // 8 Some Persistent Problems and Future Directions // Introduction 296 // Authentic language tests 300 // Some future directions 333 // A general model for explaining performance on language tests 348 // Apologia et prolegomenon 351 // Summary 356 // Notes 358 // Further reading 358 // Discussion questions 358 // 361 // Bibliography // Author index // Subject index