.

0 (hodnocen0 x )

(3) Půjčeno:3x 

BK

1st publ.

Cambridge : Cambridge University, 1986

xiv,310 s.

ISBN 0-521-27643-8 (brož.)

Cambridge textbooks in linguistics

Obsahuje bibliografii na s. 295-301 a věcný a jmenný rejstřík

Sémantika lexikální - studie

000054153

CONTENTS // Typographic conventions page xi // Preface xiii // I A contextual approach to lexical semantics I // 1.1 Introductory I // 1.2 Meaning and grammar I // *•3 The data of semantics 8 // 1 -4 Disciplining intuitions 10 // *•5 The meaning of a word ?5 // Notes 20 // 2 The syntagmatic delimitation of lexical units 23 // 2.1 Introductory 23 // 2.2 Semantic constituents 24 // 2.3 Semantic constituents which fail the test 29 // 2.4 Indicators, tallies and categorisers 32 // 2*5 Phonetic elicitors of semantic traits 34 // 2.6 Words 35 // 2.7 Idioms 37 // 2.8 Degrees of opacity 39 // 2.9 Idioms and collocations 4o // 2.10 Idiom and ‘dead’ metaphor 4i // Notes 45 // 3 The paradigmatic and syntactic delimitation of lexical units // 3.1 Introductory // 3.2 Selection and modulation of senses // 3.3 ‘Indirect’tests for ambiguity // vii // 49 // 49 // 50 54 // Contents // 3.4 Direct criteria for ambiguity 58 // 3.5 Some difficult cases 62 // 3.6 Non-lexical sources of ambiguity 66 // 3.7 Establishment of senses 68 // 3.8 Sense-spectra 71 // 3.9 Syntactic delimitation 74 // 3.10 Lexemes 76 // Notes 80 // 4 Introducing lexical relations 84 // 4. i Preliminaries 84 // 4.2 Congruence 86 // 4.3 Cognitive synonymy 88 // 4.4 Hyponymy 88 // 4.5 Compatibility 92 // 4.6 Incompatibility 93 // 4.7 Congruence variants 95 // 4.8 Partial relations 96 // 4.9 Quasi-relations 97 // 4.10 Pseudo-relations 98 // 4.11 Para-relations 99 // 4.12 Syntagmatic relations of meaning between lexical

units 100 // Notes 109 // 5 Lexical configurations 112 // 5.1 Introductory 112 // 5.2 Hierarchies 112 // 5.3 Proportional series 118 // Notes 134 // 6 Taxonomies 136 // 6.1 Hyponymy and incompatibility 136 // 6.2 Taxonymy 137 // 6.3 Characteristics of natural taxonomies 145 // 6.4 Over-specification, under-specification and the generic // level 153 // Notes 155 // 7 Meronomies 15 7 // 7.1 Introductory : parts and pieces 157 // viii // Contents // 7.2 Defining meronymy 160 // 7.3 Aspects of transitivity: integral parts and attachments 165 // 7.4 Characteristics of meronomies 168 // 7.5 Close relatives of the part-whole relation 172 // 7.6 Meronomies and taxonomies 177 // Notes 180 // 8 Non-branching hierarchies 181 // 8.1 Introductory 181 // 8.2 From branching to non-branching 181 // 8.3 Chains, helices and cycles 187 // 8.4 Ranks, grades and degrees 192 // Notes 195 // 9 Opposites I: complementaries and antonyms 197 // 9.1 Oppositeness 197 // 9.2 Complementaries 198 // 9.3 Antonyms 204 // 9.4 Sub-classes of antonyms 206 // 9.5 Inherentness 214 // 9.6 Implicit superlatives 216 // 9.7 Stative verbs 217 // 9.8 Contrastive aspects 218 // Notes 220 // 10 Opposites II: directional oppositions 223 // 10. i Directional opposites 223 // 10.2 Directions 223 // 10.3 Antipodals 224 // 10.4 Counterparts 225 // 10.5 Reversives 226 // 10.6 Relational opposites: converses 231 // 10.7 I ndirect converses 233 // 10.8 Congruence variants and pseudo-opposites 240 // Notes 242 // 11 Opposites III

: general questions 244 // 11.1 Impartiality 244 // 11.2 Polarity 246 // 11.3 Linguistic polarity and natural polarity 247 // Contents // ii*4 Logical polarity 252 // ll-5 Neutralisation and semantic markedness 255 // II.6 The nature of opposition 257 // ii.7 What makes a ‘good’ opposition? 262 // Notes 262 // 12 Synonymy 265 // 12.1 Absolute synonyms and the scale of synonymity 265 // 12.2 Cognitive synonyms 270 // I2.3 Plesionyms 285 // 12.4 Congruence relations and synonymy 289 // I2-5 ‘Absolute’, ‘cognitive’ and ‘plesio-’ relations outside // synonymy 290 // Notes 291 // References 295 // Subject index 302 // Author index 3°9 // x