.

0 (hodnocen0 x )

(6.5) Půjčeno:13x 

BK

1st published

Cambridge : Cambridge University, 1995

376 s. : il.

ISBN 0-521-43877-2

Obsahuje rejstřík

Bibliografie: s. 347-359

000054704

/ Preface xi // List of symbols and typographical conventions xvii // Part 1 Setting the scene 1 // 1 Metalinguistic preliminaries 1 // 1.0 Introduction 1 // 1.1 The meaning of‘meaning’ 3 // 1.2 The metalanguage of semantics 6 // 1.3 Linguistic and non-linguistic semantics 11 // 1.4 Language, speech and utterance; ‘langue’ and // ‘parole’; ‘competence’ and ‘performance’ 16 // 1.5 Words: forms and meanings 22 // 1.6 Sentences and utterances; text, conversation and // discourse 32 // 1.7 Theories of meaning and kinds of meaning 40 // Part 2 Lexical meaning 46 // 2 Words as meaningful units 46 // 2.0 Introduction 46 // 2.1 Forms and expressions 48 // 2.2 Homonymy and polysemy; lexical and // grammatical ambiguity 54 // 2.3 Synonymy 60 // 2.4 Full and empty word-forms 65 // 2.5 Lexical meaning and grammatical meaning 71 // vii // viii Contents // 3 Defining the meaning of words 15 // 3.0 Introduction 75 // 3.1 Denotation and sense 77 // 3.2 Basic and non-basic expressions 83 // 3.3 Natural (and cultural) kinds 89 // 3.4 Semantic prototypes 96 // 4 The structural approach 102 // 4.0 Introduction 102 // 4.1 Structural semantics 103 // 4.2 Componential analysis 107 // 4.3 The empirical basis for componential analysis 114 // 4.4 Entailment and possible worlds 117 // 4.5 Sense-relations and meaning-postulates 124 // Part 3 Sentence-meaning 131 // 5 Meaningful and meaningless sentences 131 // 5.0 Introduction 131 // 5.1 Grammaticality, acceptability and meaningfulness 132 // 5.2 The meaningfulness of sentences 134 // 5.3 Corrigibility and translatability 138 // 5.4 Verifiability and verificationism 140 // 5.5 Propositions and propositional content 141 // 5.6 Non-factual significance and emotivism 144 // 5.7 Truth-conditions 146 // 5.8 Tautologies and contradictions 149 // 6 Sentence -meaning and propositional content 153 // 6.0 Introduction 153 //

6.1 Thematic meaning 154 // 6.2 Simple and composite sentences 157 // 6.3 Truth-functionality ( 1 ) : conjunction and disjunction 162 // 6.4 Truth-functionality (2): implication 167 // 6.5 Truth-functionality ( 3) : negation 169 // 6.6 Sentence-type, clause-type and mood 176 // 6.7 The meaning of interrogative and declarative // sentences 182 // 6.8 Other kinds of non-declaratives: imperatives, // exclamatives, volitives, etc. 193 // Contents // ix // 7 Theformalization of sentence-meaning 199 // 7.0 Introduction 199 // 7.1 Formal semantics and linguistic semantics 200 // 7.2 Compositionality, grammatical and semantic // isomorphism, and saving the appearances 204 // 7.3 Deep structure and semantic representations 209 // 7.4 Proj ection-rules and selection-restrictions 215 // 7.5 Montague grammar 221 // 7.6 Possible worlds 226 // Part 4 Utterance-meaning 234 // 8 Speech acts and illocutionary force 234 // 8.0 Introduction 234 // 8.1 Utterances 235 // 8.2 Locutionary acts 240 // 8.3 Illocutionary force 247 // 8.4 Statements, questions and directives 253 // 9 Text and discourse; context and co -text 2 58 // 9.0 Introduction 258 // 9.1 Text-sentences 259 // 9.2 What is a text? And what is text? 262 // 9.3 Utterance-meaning and context 265 // 9.4 Implication and conventional implicatures 271 // 9.5 Conversational implicatures 277 // 9.6 What is context? 290 // 10 The subjectivity of utterance 293 // 10.0 Introduction 293 // 10.1 Reference 294 // 10.2 Indexicality and deixis 302 // 10.3 The grammatical category of tense 312 // 10.4 The grammatical category of aspect 320 // 10.5 Modality, modal expressions and mood 327 // 10.6 Subjectivity and locutionary agency 336 // Suggestionsforfurther reading 343 // Bibliography 347 // Index 360