Introduction (L. Šulová) Part I -- Society as a Significant Factor in the Process of Socialisation and Individualisation -- V-4: Are We Alike? A Look at ESS Round 2 Results (/. Výrost) -- Is Central Europe a Space for Sharing Values? (I. Prudký) -- Value Portrait of Central Europe (M. Vávra) -- Living Slow in the Performance and Efficiency-Oriented Society (/. Straka) -- Psychology of Efficiency in the Conditions of Social Change: Czech Psychologists in Pre-War "Encyclopaedia of Efficiency" (/. Janoušek) -- Part II -- The Family as a Significant Factor in the Process of Socialisation and Individualisation -- Family as an Economic Agent under the Pressure of Markets (L. Mlčoch) -- Requirements of Performance-Oriented Society on Households with Children (/. Čapek) -- Searching for Optimal Facilitation of Early Childhood Development (L. Šulová) -- Cognition and Development of Preschool Children’s Individual Needs and Their Adaptation in Contemporary Society (E. Bidlová) -- Development of Self-Efficacy as a Goal of Parenting and Education for the Global World (S. Hoskovcová)