.

0 (hodnocen0 x )

(1) Půjčeno:1x 

BK

1st ed.

Harlow : Pearson Education, 1983

246 s.

ISBN 0-582-64443-7 (brož.)

Obsahuje poznámky, předmluvu, rejstřík, údaje o autorovi

Bibliografie na s. 219-235

Státy rozvojové - venkov - rozvoj - pojednání

Venkov - státy rozvojové - chudoba - pojednání

000094280

Contents // Preface vii // CHAPI ER ONE 1 // Rural poverty unperceived // We, the outsiders 2 // Cores and peripheries of knowledge 4 // The urban trap 7 // Rural development tourism 10 // Rural poverty unobserved: the six biases 13 // - spatial biases: urban, tarmac and roadside 13 // - project bias 16 // - person biases 18 // - dry season biases 20 // - diplomatic biases: politeness and timidity 22 // - professional biases 22 // The unseen and the unknown 23 // CHAPTER TWO 2 8 // Two cultures of outsiders // Two cultures 29 // Negative academics 30 // Positive practitioners 33 // Rural poverty explained? 35 // - political economists 37 // - physical ecologists 38 // Partiality 40 // Pluralism 44 // The third culture 46 // CHAPTER THREE 47 // How outsiders learn // Between the cultures // Convergence on questionnaires // Survey slavery // 48 // 49 // 51 // Misleading findings 55 // Useful surveys 58 // Total immersion: long and lost? 59 // Cost-effectiveness 61 // Four ways in and out 64 // - Ladejinsky’s tourism and the green revolution 65 // - Senaratne’s windows into regions 66 // - Reconnaissance for crop improvement 67 // - BRAC and the net • 69 // Conclusions 70 // CHAPTER FOUR 75 // Whose knowledge? // Knowledge, power and prejudice .75 // Outsiders’ biases 76 // Rural people’s knowledge 82 // - farming practices 85 // - knowledge of the environment 87 // - rural people’s faculties 89 // - rural people’s experiments 91

The best of both 92 // CHAPTER FIVE 103 // Integrated rural poverty // Outsiders’ views of the poor 104 // Clusters of disadvantage 108 // The deprivation trap . Ill // -poverty 112 // - physical weakness 112 // -isolation 113 // - vulnerability 113 // - powerlessness 113 // Vulnerability and poverty ratchets 114 // - social conventions 115 // -disasters 116 // - physical incapacity 116 // - unproductive expenditure 117 // - exploitation 118 // Powerlessness 131 // -nets 131 // -robbery 133 // -bargaining and its absence 134 // CHAPTER SIX 140 // Seeing what to do // Whose priorities? 141 // Outsiders’ interventions 149 // Analysis for action 152 // - costs and choices 153 // - causes and constraints 154 // - finding and making opportunities 156 // - political feasibility 160 // Power and the poor 163 // CHAPTER SEVEN 168 // The new professionalism: putting the last first // Reversals 168 // Spatial reversals 169 // Reversals of professional values 171 // Reversals into gaps 179 // - gaps between disciplines, professions and // departments 180 // -missing disciplines, professions and // departments 182 // - neglected modes of analysis 184 // - conclusion: gaps as centres 184 // Political economy for all 185 // New professionals 188 // CHAPTER EIGHT 190 // Practical action // The scope for personal choice 191 // Beliefs, values and imagination 194 // Practical appraisal for outsiders 198 // - tactics for tourists 198 // - rapid rural appraisal 199 // Reversals in

learning 201 // - sitting, asking and listening 202 // - learning from the poorest . 202 // - learning indigenous technical knowledge 203 // - joint R and D 206 // - learning by working 206 // - simulation games 207 // Reversals in management 210 // - styles of communication 212 // - transfer policies and practice 213 // - enabling and empowering poor clients 214 // The primacy of personal action 215 // References 219 // Index 236 // Figures and tables // Table 3.1 Rural people’s knowledge of family // planning 56 // Figure 5.1 The deprivation trap 112 // Table 5.1 Reasons given for sales of land and for // outstanding debts 122-3 // Table 5.2 Reasons given for sales of land by // landholding size 125 // Table 6.1 Benefits distributed between the rural elite // and the poorer rural people 162 // Table 6.2 Acceptability of rural development // approaches to local and other elites 164 // Table 7.1 Professional values and preferences 173 // Table 8.1 Changes in some rural producer prices in // Zambia 1971-79 195