.

0 (hodnocen0 x )

BK

New York : Oxford University, 1990

xviii, 287 s.

ISBN 0-19-507270-7 (brož.)

Obsahuje rejstřík.

Bibliografie: s. 263-279.

Ženy - postavení společenské - dějiny ekonomické - Spojené státy americké - pojednání

000113185

1. Women’s Experience in the American Economy / 2. The Evolution of the Female Labor Force // The Measure of Market Work 13 // Labor Force Participation of Married Women Since 1890 // Cohorts of White Married Women // Cohorts Versus Cross Sections // Implications of Cohort Change // Cohorts of Nonwhite Married Women // Life-Cycle Labor Force Participation and Work Experience // Direct Measures of Life-Cycle Work 30 // Work Experience, 1930 to 1950 37 // Economic Development and the Life Cycle of Work 42 // Corrections to the c. 1890 Data 43 // Participation Rates Before 1890: Married and Adult Women // Participation Rates Before 1890: Single Women // Single Women in the Labor Force, 1890 to 1930 // Summary: The Work of Women, 1790 to 1988 55 // 3. The Gender Gap in Earnings and Occupations // The Gender Gap in Earnings over the Long Run, 1815 to 1987 // The Ratio of Female to Male Full-time Earnings // Manufacturing and Agriculture, 1815 to 1970 // All Workers, 1890 to 1987 68 // Occupational Segregation and the Male-Female Wage Gap // Sources of Change in the Ratio of Male to Female Earnings // The Gender Gap in Occupations 74 // Occupational Distributions Among White and Black Women // Occupational Segregation by Sex, 1900 to 1980 75 // Occupational Segregation in Manufacturing, 1900 // Implications of Occupational Segregation 81 // Summary: Earnings and Occupations 82 // 4. The Emergence of "Wage Discrimination" 83 // A Measure of "Wage Discrimination" 84 // "Wage Discrimination" in Recent Studies // Discrimination and "Wage Discrimination" // Explaining Differences Between Male and Female Earnings // Manufacturing, 1888 to 1907 91 // Female Manufacturing Workers 93 // Earnings of Manufacturing Workers 97 // "Wage Discrimination" in Manufacturing 101 // Clerical Sector, 1940 105 // Clerical Work and Clerical Workers 106 // Earnings of Clerical Workers 107 //

"Wage Discrimination" in Clerical Work 110 // The Origins of "Wage Discrimination" 114 // Summary: "Wage Discrimination" 117 // 5. The Changing Economic Role of Married Women // Explaining Long-term Trends in Married Women’s Labor Force // Participation 122 // Supply Versus Demand 122 // Labor Supply: Income, Wage, and Substitution Effects 124 // A General Model of the Labor Market for Married Women // Estimates of Income, Wage, and Substitution Effects 131 // Applying the General Model, 1890 to 1980 136 // A Cohort Approach to Change in Married Women’s Labor Force // Participation 138 // Cohort Differences in Fertility 139 // Cohort Differences in Education 143 // Occupational and Educational Change 143 // A Cross-Section, Time-Series Model 149 // Expectations and Cohort Labor Force Participation 154 // Summary: Married Women in the Labor Force 157 // 6. Why Did Change Take So Long? 159 // Marriage Bars 160 // Extent of the Marriage Bar 161 // Firm-Level Evidence, 1931 and 1940 166 // Evidence from Local School Districts 170 // Explaining the Marriage Bar 171 // The Decline of the Marriage Bar in the 1950’s 174 // The Long-Run Impact of the Marriage Bar // Hours of Work and Part-time Employment // Hours of Work 179 // Part-time Employment 180 // Summary: Easing the Constraints 183 // 7. The Political Economy of Gender 185 // Historical Dimensions of Public Policy 186 // Origins and Impact of Protective Legislation // 189 // Hours and Employment Effects of Maximum Hours Legislation // Protective Legislation Versus Equality 198 // The Federal Government and the Economic Status of Women 199 // The President’s Commission on the Status of Women, 1963 200 // The 1963 Equal Pay Act and Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act 201 // Origins of Discontent 202 // Perceptions of Discrimination 203 // Discontent Among College Graduates 206 //

The New Political Economy of Gender: Comparable Worth // and Title VII 208 // Summary: Altering the Rules 210 // 8. Economic Progress and Gender Equality 211 // The Present 211 // The Past 213 // The Future 215 // Appendix to Chapter 2: Corrections to the c. 1890 Female Labor Force // Participation Rates 219 // Data Appendix 228 // Notes 233 // References 263 // Index 281