List of illustrations page xii // Preface xiii // Acknowledgements xiv // Introduction: the challenge 1 // Anthropocentrism 3 // The literary and cultural criticism 3 // A crisis of the ’natural’ 5 // The natures of nature 6 // A reading 8 // First quandary: climate change 10 // Romantic and anti-romantic // Chapter 1 Old world romanticism 15 // Romantic ecology 15 // The self-evidence of the natural? 18 // The inherent greenness of the literary? 19 // A reading: the case of John Clare 21 // Deep ecology 23 // Chapter 2 New world romanticism 25 // A reading: retrieving Walden 30 // Wild 33 // vii // viii // Contents // Chapter 3 Genre and the question of // non-fiction 35 // ’You don’t make it up’ 36 // Fiction or non-fiction? 38 // An aesthetic consumerism 39 // A reading: genres and the projection of animal // subjectivity 42 // Second quandary: fiction or non-fiction? 44 // Chapter 4 Language beyond the human? 46 // A realist poetics 47 // The Spell of the Sensuous 48 // Third quandary: how human-centred is given // language? 52 // Chapter 5 The inherent violence of // western thought? 55 // The archetypal eco-fascist? 59 // The forest 60 // Chapter 6 Post-humanism and the // ’end of nature’? 63 // A reading: Frankenstein 66 // Ecology without nature? 69 // The boundaries of the political // Fourth quandary: the crisis of legitimation 74 // Chapter 7 Thinking like a mountain? 77 // The aesthetic 80 // Fifth quandary: what isn’t an environmental issue? 85 // Chapter 8 Environmental justice and the // move ’beyond nature writing’ 87 // Social ecology 89 // A reading: A River Runs Through It 90 // Environmental criticism as cultural history? 93 // Sixth quandary: the antinomy of environmental // criticism 94 // Chapter 9 Two readings: European // ecojustice 96 // Chapter 10 Liberalism and green moralism 102 // The limits of liberal criticism 105 //
A reading: William and Dorothy Wordsworth 108 // Seventh quandary: the rights of the yet-to-be-born 110 // Chapter 11 Ecofeminism 111 // An ecriture ecofeminei 114 // ’Nature provides us with few givens’ 117 // Chapter 12 ’Post-colonial’ ecojustice 120 // Environmentalism as neocolonialism? 120 // Is there yet a specifically environmental post-colonial // criticism? 122 // Colonialism as the ’Conquest of nature’ 123 // A reading: Amitav Ghosh, The Hungry Tide 126 // Eighth quandary: overpopulation 127 // Chapter 13 Questions of scale: the local, the national and the global 130 // Methodological nationalism 131 // Literary ’reinhabitation’? 132 // Questions of scale 136 // Ecopoetry 139 // Science and the struggle for // intellectual authority // Chapter 14 Science and the crisis of // authority 143 // The disenchantment thesis 143 // Facts versus values? a reading, Annie Dillard’s // ’Galapagos’ 145 // The ’naturalistic fallacy’ 145 // Against the facts-values split 148 // Ecology, ’ecology’ and literature 151 // Hubert Zapf, Literature as Cultural Ecology 153 // Chapter 15 Science studies 156 // Studying science as a kind of behaviour 156 // The Selfish Gene 157 // Donna Haraway 158 // Ninth quandary: constructivism and doing justice to // non-human agency 163 // Chapter 16 Evolutionary theories of // literature 165 // The Standard Social Science Model 165 // Literature and human nature 167 // Chapter 17 Interdisciplinarity and science: // two essays on human evolution 171 // Tenth quandary: the challenge of scientific illiteracy 176 // The animal mirror // Eleventh quandary: animal suffering versus ecological managerialism 180 // Chapter 18 Ethics and the non-human // animal 183 // ’Kiss goodbye to the idea that humans are // qualitatively different from other animals’ 185 // Human-animal 186 //
Twelfth quandary: reading the animal as ’construct’ 190 // Chapter 19 Anthropomorphism 192 // An art of animal interpretation 195 // A reading: The Wind in the Pylons 198 // Chapter 20 The future of ecocriticism? 202 // Final brief quandary: what place environmental // criticism in the modern ’University of Excellence’? 203 // Notes 204 // Further reading 231 // Index 244