.

0 (hodnocen0 x )

BK

New York : Oxford University Press, 2000

xi, 164 s. ; 22 cm

ISBN 978-0-19-513397-4 (brož.)

Obsahuje bibliografii na s. 145-157, bibliografické odkazy a rejstřík

000252641

Contents // Preface ix // CHAPTER 1 Introduction 1 Summary 5 // Suggestions for Further Reading 5 // CHAPTER 2 Methodology in Historical Context 6 Field Methods in American Dialect Geography 6 Field Methods and “Discovery Procedures” in Descriptive Linguistics 10 Analytical Methods in Historical/Comparative Linguistics General Themes 16 Discussion Questions 17 Suggestions for Further Reading 19 // CHAPTER 3 Thinking About Methodology 20 // What Is Research? 20 // What Are Data? 22 // What Does “Empirical” Mean? 24 // What Makes a Good Research Question? 25 // What Is “Qualitative” Research? 34 // Summary 37 // Discussion Questions 37 // Suggestions for Further Reading 38 // vi // Qualitative Methods in Sociolinguistics // CHAPTER 4 Some Legal and Ethical Issues 39 Researchers and Researched 40 Researchers and Resources 51 The Uses of Results 53 Discussion Questions 55 Suggestions for Further Reading 57 // CHAPTER 5 Standards of Evidence: How Do You Know When You’re Right? 58 // Reliability and Validity in Qualitative Research 61 Evaluating Competing Interpretations 64 Summary 68 Discussion Questions 69 Suggestions for Further Reading 70 // CHAPTER 6 Thinking: Introspection and Intuition 71 What Is Intuition? What Is Introspection? 71 Introspective Research in Sociolinguistics: An Example 73 Roles for Intuition in Sociolinguistics? 75 Intuitions About Competence 76 Intuitive Leaps 77 Discussion Questions 78 // CHAPTER 7 Looking: Participant Observation 80 // What

Is Participant Observation? What Is Ethnography? 81 Ethnography in Sociolinguistics 83 Doing Ethnography: Some Preliminary Issues 84 Starting Out: Field Methods for Participant Observation 88 Making Sense: Focusing Fieldwork and Analytical Methods 93 Summary 100 Discussion Questions 101 Suggestions for Further Reading 102 // CHAPTER 8 Reading and Listening: Discourse Analysis 103 Recording Discourse 104 Kinds of Conversational Data 111 Transcribing 115 Using Written Texts 121 Analytical Approaches 123 // Contents // Discourse Is Constrained by the World 124 Discourse Is Constrained by Language 124 Discourse Is Constrained by Speakers/Writers/Signers, Addressees, Audiences 125 Discourse Is Constrained by Prior Discourse 125 Discourse Is Shaped by Its Media of Production and Reception 126 // Discourse Is Shaped by People’s Purposes 126 Summary 126 Discussion Questions 127 Suggestions for Further Reading 129 // CHAPTER 9 Writing 130 The Article 130 Abstract 131 Introduction 131 Literature Review 134 Methodology 135 Findings 135 Discussion 136 Other Genres 138 The Grammar of Particularity 139 Summary 141 Discussion Questions 142 Suggestions for Further Reading 142 // References 145 Index 158