Contents // List of plates ix // List of figures xiii // List of tables xv // Preface and acknowledgements xvii // Chronology of significant dates in Bntish history xix // 1 The British context 1 // Historical growth 3 // Structural change 12 // Contemporary conditions 15 // British attitudes to Britain 20 // Exercises 24 // Further reading 25 // Websites 26 // 2 The country 27 // Geographical identities 28 // Physical features and climate 30 // Agriculture, fisheries and forestry 41 // Energy resources 45 // Transport and communications 48 // Attitudes to the environment 54 // Exercises 59 // Further reading 59 // Websites 60 // 3 The people 61 // Early settlement to ad 1066 63 // Growth and immigration to the twentieth century 66 // vi // Contents // Immigration from 1900 72 // Ethnie groups in the UK 78 // Population movements from 1900 79 // Attitudes to national, ethnic and local identities 81 // Exercises 86 // Further reading 86 // Websites 87 // 4 Religion 89 // Religious history 90 // The Christian tradition 95 // The non-Christian tradition 105 // Cooperation among the faiths 108 // Religion in schools 109 // Religious identification 110 // Attitudes to religion and morality 111 // Exercises 114 // Further reading 115 // Websites 115 // 5 Politics and government 117 // Political history 119 // Local government and devolution 126 // The contemporary British political framework 129 // Constitution and monarchy 130 // UK Parliament: role, legislation and elections 137
The UK party political system 144 // The UK government 150 // UK parliamentary control of government 153 // Attitudes to politics 155 // Exercises 157 // Further reading 157 // Websites 158 // 6 International relations 159 // Foreign and defence policy 161 // Empire, Commonwealth and Ireland 168 // The European Union (EU) 172 // Exercises 180 // Further reading 180 // Websites 181 // Contents // vii // 7 The legal system 183 // Legal history 185 // Sources of British law 186 // Court structures in England and Wales 188 // Civil and criminal procedure in England and Wales 195 // Law and order 201 // The legal profession 207 // Attitudes to the legal system and crime 210 // Exercises 213 // Further reading 213 // Websites 214 // 8 The economy 215 // Economic history 217 // The modern economy: policies, structure and performance 219 // Social class, the workforce and employment 229 // Financial institutions 234 // Industrial and commercial institutions 239 // Consumer protection 243 // Attitudes to the economy 244 // Exercises 247 // Further reading 247 // Websites 248 // 9 Social services 249 // Social services history 251 // Household and demographic structures 253 // Social security (pensions and welfare benefits) 257 // The National Health Service (NHS) 260 // The personal social services/social care 267 // Housing 269 // Attitudes to the social services 277 // Exercises 279 // Further reading 280 // Websites 280 // 10 Education 281 // School history 283 // The 1944 Education
Act 285 // The contemporary state school sector 287 // The contemporary independent (fee-paying) school sector 291 // School organization and examinations 293 // % viii // ?? // Contents // Higher education 298 // Further, adult and lifelong education 305 // Attitudes to education 306 // Exercises 308 // Further reading 309 // Websites 309 // 11 The media 311 // The print media 314 // The broadcasting media 323 // Media ownership and freedom of expression 332 // Attitudes to the media 335 // Exercises 337 // Further reading 338 // Websites 338 // 12 Leisure, sport and the arts 339 // Leisure activities 342 // Sport 350 // The arts 358 // Exercises 366 // Further reading 367 // Websites 368 // Index 369