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New York ; London : The Guilford Press, [2011]

xiv, 434 stran ; 24 cm

ISBN 978-1-60918-142-0 (brožováno)

Obsahuje bibliografie a rejstříky

001463571

Contents // Introduction i // The Nature and Importance of Qualitative Research Methods 2 An Adventure in Qualitative Research Methodology 3 The Road Traveled 6 // The Involvement of the Research Participant 7 The Organization and Uses of the Text 10 Note 12 References 12 // I. A STORY OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH IN PSYCHOLOGY // 1. From Innovative Practices to the Call for Methodology 15 // Qualitative Research in the History of Psychology 16 Sigmund Freud: Uncovering Meaning in Symptoms, Dreams, Errors, and Culture 18 // William James: Analyzing the Forms of Spiritual Experience 24 Abraham Maslow: Identifying Qualities of the Healthy Personality 29 Lawrence Kohlberg: Discovering Types of Moral Reasoning in Human Development 36 // Gordon Allport’s Call for Methodology: The Social Science Research Council’s Initiative 42 References 45 // 2. The Establishment of Methodological Traditions 48 // Critical Incident Technique : James Flanagan 48 Phenomenological Psychology: Amedeo Giorgi 52 Grounded Theory: Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss 56 Discourse Analysis: Jonathan Potter and Margaret Wetherell 60 Narrative Psychology: Jerome Bruner, Ted Sarbin, and Don Polkinghorne 63 Intuitive Inquiry: Rosemarie Anderson 66 From Qualitative Practice to Methodological Traditions 69 References 71 // ix // x // Contents // 3. Contemporary Movement, Methodological Pluralism, and Challenges // Institutionalization of Qualitative Methods as Normal Science 76 Journals 76 // Professional Organizations

and Conferences 77 The Spread of Qualitative Research through Subfields 78 Key Issues in Qualitative Research 79 Philosophy and Human Science 79 The Qualitative-Quantitative Debate 81 The Generative Tensions of Pluralism 82 Reflexivity and Standpoint 84 Ethics, Power, and Politics 84 Education in Research Methodology and Praxis 86 Criteria and Guidelines for Best Practices 86 The Typical Organization of the Qualitative Research Project 87 Formulation of a Research Problem 87 Participants, Situations, and Data 89 Analytic Methods 91 Report of Findings 93 Delineating the Implications of Research 94 Contributions of Qualitative Research Methods to Psychology 94 The Five Ways Project 95 References 96 // II. FIVE APPROACHES TO QUALITATIVE DATA ANALYSIS // 4. The Teresa Texts: Thick Description of Living through Misfortune // Written Description 104 Interviewer’s Introduction 108 Interview Transcript 108 // 5. A Phenomenological Psychological Approach to Trauma and Resilience // Frederick J. Wertz // The Phenomenological Approach 124 // The Phenomenological Attitude: Focus on Lived Experience 123 Phenomenological Method: Intentional and Eidetic Analysis 126 The Phenomenological Movement 128 // Philosophical and Transdisciplinary Directions 128 Phenomenological Psychology 129 Learning Phenomenology 130 // Psychological Research Method Using Lifeworld Descriptions 131 General Analytic Procedures 131 Applications and Exemplary Studies 134 Limits and Critical Evaluation 134 Personal Appeal

133 // Contents // Method and Sample Findings of Teresa’s Experience of Trauma and Resilience 136 // Organizing the Data: An Individual Phenomenal Description— Meaning Units 136 // Psychological Reflection on Meaning Units 138 Summary of Findings: The Individual Psychological Structure 142 Individual Thematic Findings 145 Toward a General Psychology of Trauma and Resilience 150 Methods of General Analysis 150 General Features in Teresa’s Example 152 // Broader Comparative Analyses and Levels of Eidetic Generality 156 Completing the Research 159 The Final Report 160 References 161 // 6. A Constructivist Grounded Theory Analysis of Losing and Regaining a Valued Self // Kathy Charmaz // Developments in Grounded Theory 167 Constructing a Grounded Theory of Loss and Regaining a Valued Self 169 // Losing and Regaining a Valued Self: A Constructivist Grounded Theory Analysis 176 What Is Loss of Self? 178 Defining Loss of Self 178 // Distinguishing between Loss and Disruption of Self 183 Facing Loss 185 Discerning Loss 185 Receiving Bad News 186 Telling News 187 Regaining a Valued Self 189 Making a Comeback 190 Drawing on Lessons from the Past 191 Discovering an Audible Voice 192 Learning to Live with Uncertainty 193 Realizing the Dream 195 Implications 196 Notes 198 References 200 // 7. A Discursive Analysis of Teresas Protocol: Enhancing Oneself, Diminishing Others // Linda M. McMullen // The Process of My Analysis 208 // My Analysis: Enhancing Oneself, Diminishing Others 211

Pattern One 211 Pattern Two 214 // xii // Contents // Summary 218 // Contextualizing My Analysis 219 Conclusion 222 References 222 // Additional Examples of Discourse Analysis 223 // 8. Narrative Research: Constructing, Deconstructing, 224 // and Reconstructing Story // Ruthellen Josselson // Narrative Analysis 228 The Current Project 228 Overall Characteristics of the Narrative 229 Procedure to Identify Themes 232 Emotion and Logic 232 Identity 235 // Relations with Others 236 Summary 238 // The Narrative Research Project 238 Notes 240 References 240 // 9. Intuitive Inquiry: Exploring the Mirroring Discourse of Disease 243 // Rosemarie Anderson // Overview 243 // What Is Intuition? 246 // Five Cycles of Interpretation 249 // Cycle 1: Clarifying the Research Topic 250 Cycle 2: Preliminary Interpretive Lenses 251 Cycle 3: Collecting Data and Preparing Descriptive Reports 253 Cycle 4: Transforming and Revising Interpretive Lenses 254 Cycle 5: Integration of Findings and Theory Building 255 Analyses of Teresa and Reno Interviews 256 // Cycle 1 : Clarifying the Research Topic: Reverse Mirroring Discourse of Disease 256 // Cycle 2: Researcher’s Preliminary Lenses about the Topic 264 Cycle 3: Collecting and Analyzing Additional Data 265 Cycle 4: Combining the Teresa and Reno Analyses: The Mirroring Discourse of Disease 269 // Cycle 5: Integration of Findings and Literature Review 270 Coda 271 Notes 271 // Recommended Readings 272 References 272 // Contents // XIII // III. PLURALISM,

PARTICIPATION, // AND UNITY IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH // 10. Comparisons through Five Lenses 279 // The Lens of Phenomenological Psychology: Frederick Wertz 280 Grounded Theory and Phenomenological Psychology 280 Discourse Analysis and Phenomenological Psychology 283 Narrative Research and Phenomenological Psychology 285 Intuitive Inquiry and Phenomenological Psychology 289 The Lens of Constructivist Grounded Theory: Kathy Charmaz 291 Phenomenological Psychology and Constructivist Grounded Theory 293 Discourse Analysis and Constructivist Grounded Theory 292 Narrative Research and Constructivist Grounded Theory 301 Intuitive Inquiry and Constructivist Grounded Theory 303 The Lens of Discourse Analysis: Linda McMullen 304 Phenomenological Psychology and Discourse Analysis 305 Constructivist Grounded Theory and Discourse Analysis 308 Narrative Research and Discourse Analysis 310 Intuitive Inquiry and Discourse Analysis 312 The Lens of Narrative Research: Ruthellen Josselson 314 Phenomenological Psychology and Narrative Research 317 Constructivist Grounded Theory and Narrative Research 318 Discourse Analysis and Narrative Research 319 Intuitive Inquiry and Narrative Research 320 The Lens of Intuitive Inquiry: Rosemarie Anderson 321 Phenomenological Psychology and Intuitive Inquiry 322 Constructivist Grounded Theory and Intuitive Inquiry 323 Discourse Analysis and Intuitive Inquiry 325 Narrative Research and Intuitive Inquiry 326 Unique Characteristics of Intuitive Inquiry 327 Similarity

and Difference among Analytic Approaches 329 Significant Commonalities 330 // Next: The Participant’s Experience of the Analyses 331 References 332 // 11. The Participants Response 334 // Of My Voice, in My Voice: Emily McSpadden 335 Reading the Analyses 341 Intuitive Inquiry 342 Constructivist Grounded Theory 344 Narrative Research 345 Discourse Analysis 346 Phenomenological Psychology 348 Final Thoughts 350 // xiv // Contents // 12. Ethics, Participant Involvement, and Analytic Methodology 353 // Ethical Perspective: Relational Craft 354 Ethics of Collaboration 354 // Starting Point: Principles and Procedures of Human Protection 355 Ownership of the Data 355 Confidentiality and Disclosure 356 // The Involvement of the Participant in Research: Scientific, Social, and Personal Horizons 358 // “Researcher” and “Participant” as Positions Assumed by Persons 359 The Issue of Interpretive Authority 362 Emily’s Response to the Analyses 364 The Researchers ’ Relation to Participants ’ Responses 366 An Ongoing Conversation between Scientific and Lay Communities 367 Foundations, Compatible Options, and Specializations of Qualitative Methodology: Unity among Multiple Commensurate Approaches 367 // Foundations of Qualitative Analytic Practice 368 Potentially Common Variations of Analytic Praxis 374 Differences among Analytic Approaches: Specialization in Qualitative Research 380 // Complementary Findings: Multifaceted Knowledge 383 Traumatic Misfortune 385 Life Historical

Process 386 Embodiment 386 Sociality 387 Agency 388 Language 389 Spirituality 390 Selfhood 391 // Lessons Learned: Individual Voices 392 Fred Wertz 392 Kathy Charmaz 393 Linda McMullen 394 Ruthellen Josselson 396 Rosemarie Anderson 397 Take-Home Messages 398 References 401 // Appendix. Gails Texts 403 // Written Description 403 Written Protocol 404 Introduction to the Interview 407 Interview Transcript 408 // 415 421 // Author Index Subject Index About the Authors // 433