.

0 (hodnocen0 x )

EB

EB

ONLINE

Second edition

London, United Kingdom : Academic Press, 2017

1 online zdroj

ISBN 9780128054772 (e-kniha)

ISBN 9780128053881 (print)

Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy a rejstřík

09 Use of Epigenetic Modifiers for Potential Diagnosis and Therapy in Autoimmune Diseases -- Concluding Remarks -- References -- 36.Epigenetics of Brain Disorders / Isabelle M. Mansuy -- Introduction -- Epigenetic Mechanisms Important for the Brain -- Epigenetic Dysregulation in Neurodevelopmental Disorders: The Example of Rett Syndrome -- Epigenetic Dysregulation in Neurodegenerative Disorders: The Example of Alzheimer’s Disease -- Epigenetic Dysregulation in Psychiatric Disorders: The Example of Depression -- Epigenetic Dysregulation by Environmental Stress: The Example of Early Life Stress -- Conclusions and Outlook -- References -- 37.Epigenetics of Metabolic Diseases / Line Hjort -- Introduction -- Lifestyle Factors and Age Affect the Epigenome -- Epigenetic Memory, Prenatal Exposure, and Risk of Metabolic Disease -- Epigenetic Features of Metabolic Diseases -- Conclusions -- References -- 38.Imprinting Disorders in Humans / Thomas Eggermann -- Introduction -- Types of (Epi)Mutations in IDs -- The Chromosomal Region 1 lpl5 -- General Observations in IDs -- Transient Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus: Chromosome 6 -- Silver -- Russell Syndrome: Chromosomes 7 and 11 -- Beckwith -- Wiedemann Syndrome: Chromosome 11 -- Temple Syndrome and Kagami -- Ogata Syndrome: Chromosome 14 -- Angelman and Prader -- Willi Syndromes: Chromosome 15 -- Chromosome 20 and the GNAS Locus -- The New "Monogenetic" IDs -- Multilocus Imprinting Disturbances in IDs -- Genetic Testing for IDs -- Concluding Remarks -- References -- IX.EPIGENETIC THERAPY -- 39.DNA Demethylation Agents in Clinical Medicine / Moshe Szyf -- Introduction -- The Rationale for Using DNA Methylation Inhibitors in Treating Cancer: Hypermethylation of Tumor Suppressor Genes and Deregulation of DNA Methyltransferase Activity in Cancer -- Preclinical Evidence for Pharmacological DNA Demethylation as an Anticancer Strategy --

Popsáno podle online zdroje

001483095

I.OVERVIEW -- 1.An Overview of Epigenetics / Trygve O. Tollefsbol -- Introduction -- Molecular Mechanisms of Epigenetics -- Methods in Epigenetics -- Model Organisms of Epigenetics -- Factors Influencing Epigenetic Changes -- Evolutionary Epigenetics -- Epigenetic Epidemiology -- Epigenetics and Human Disease -- Epigenetic Therapy -- The Future of Epigenetics -- Conclusions -- References -- II.MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF EPIGENETICS -- 2.Mechanisms of DNA Methylation and Demethylation During Mammalian Development / Taiping Chen -- Introduction -- DNA Methylation -- DNA Demethylation -- Conclusions -- References -- 3.Mechanisms of Histone Modifications / Rabih Murr -- Introduction -- Histone Modifications -- Conclusions -- References -- 4.The Epigenetics of Noncoding RNA / Ravindresh Chhabra -- Introduction -- Conclusions -- References -- 5.Prions and Prion-Like Phenomena in Epigenetic Inheritance / Philippe Silar -- Structural Heredity -- Mixed Heredity: A Prion That Propagates by Covalent Autoactivation -- Regulatory Inheritance -- Conclusions -- References -- 6.Higher-Order Chromatin Organization in Diseases: From Chromosomal Position Effect to Phenotype Variegation / Frederique Magdinier -- Introduction -- CPE in Model Organisms -- Telomeric Position Effect -- Setting the Frontiers of Chromatin Domains -- Genome Topology and Scaffolding of Chromosomal Domains -- Boundary Elements are Involved in Functional Genome Partitioning -- Chromosomal Position Effect in Human Pathologies -- Telomeric Position Effect in Human Pathologies -- Conclusions -- References -- 7.Polycomb Mechanisms and Epigenetic Control of Gene Activity / Vincenzo Pirrotta -- Introduction -- The Hardware -- Association of PRC2 and PRC1 Complexes -- Mechanisms of PcG Repression -- PRC2 Global Activities -- PRC2 Modulation and Product Feedback Effects -- Higher Order Interactions //

Epigenetic Maintenance or Cellular Memory -- Maintenance of the Nonrepressed State -- The Bivalent State -- Differentiation -- Conclusions -- References -- III.METHODS IN EPIGENETICS -- 8.Analysis of Gene-Specific DNA Methylation / Toshikazu Ushijima -- Introduction -- Principles of DNA Methylation Analysis -- Characteristics of Individual Techniques -- Tips for Individual Methods -- Epilogue -- References -- 9.Methods for Assessing DNA Cytosine Modifications Genome-Wide / Gerd P. Pfeifer -- Introduction -- References -- 10.Analyses of Genome-Wide Histone Modifications in the Mammalian Genome / Huihuang Yan -- Introduction -- High-Throughput Technologies to Study Histone Modifications -- Genome-Wide Profiles and Functions of Histone Modifications -- Histone Modifications in Key Genomic Regions -- Alteration of Histone Modifications in Disease -- Conclusions and Perspectives -- References -- 11.Techniques for Genome-Wide Expression Analysis of Noncoding RNA / Nobuyoshi Akimitsu -- Introduction -- Mining RNA-SEQ Data for ncRNAs -- cDNA Library Construction 155 Estimating the Transcription and Degradation Rates of Transcripts -- Conclusions -- References -- 12.Computational Epigenetics / Anthony Au -- Introduction -- Approaches to Measure DNA Methylation and Histone Modifications -- Public Resources for Epigenetic Data -- Processing Microarray-Based DNA Methylation Data -- Differentially Methylated Regions -- Prediction of Epigenetic Status -- Integrative Epigenomics -- Concluding Remarks -- References -- IV.MODEL ORGANISMS OF EPIGENETICS -- 13.Epigenetic Modifications in Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes are Equally Intriguing / Shiraz Mujtaba -- Introduction -- Biological Significance of Acetylation in Eukaryotic Organisms -- Acetylation of NonHistone Proteins in Regulating Cellular Functions -- Role of Acetylation in Lower Organisms --

Role of Lysine Methylation in Higher Eukaryotes -- Role of Methylation in Lower Organisms -- Role of Deacetylation and Demethylation in Gene Regulation -- Role of Phosphorylation in Higher Eukaryotes -- Role of Phosphorylation in Lower Organisms -- Cross-Talks Between Epigenetic Modifications -- Conclusions and Future Perspectives -- References -- 14.Drosophila Epigenetics / Felice Elefant -- Introduction: Drosophila as a Model Organism in Epigenetic Research -- Epigenetic Modification of Histone Proteins Regulate Chromatin Packaging and Gene Control in Drosophila -- Position Effect Variegation -- The Role of Epigenetics During Drosophila Development: Epigenetic Memory -- Dosage Compensation -- The Epigenetic Language in Postmitotic Neurons Underlying Cognitive Function -- Conclusions -- References -- 15.Mouse Models of Epigenetic Inheritance: Classification, Mechanisms, and Experimental Strategies / Tian Chi -- Two Types of Epigenetic Inheritance (EI): Mitotic Versus Generational -- EI Signals: Cis Versus Trans -- Mice as Model Mammals -- Mouse EI Models: A Brief History -- Conventional Mouse EI Models -- Targeting Epigenetic Modifications to Reporter Genes: A Unique EI Model Tractable for Mechanistic Studies -- Conclusions -- References -- 16.Plant Epigenomics / Rita K. Hayford -- Introduction -- DNA Methylation -- Histone Modifications in Plants -- Role of Epigenetic Marks in Plant Development -- Histone Modifications and Gene Expression in Response to Abiotic and Biotic Stress -- Epigenome Editing -- A New Approach for Crop Improvement -- Future Perspectives -- References -- V.FACTORS INFLUENCING EPIGENETIC CHANGES -- 17.Dynamic Changes in DNA Modifications During Key Embryonic Transitions / Chris O’Neill -- Introduction -- Embryo Development -- Epigenetic Transitions in the Early Embryo -- Setting the Embryonic Epigenetic Ground State --

Changes Accompanying Differentiation -- The Roles for the Global Demethylation of Pluripotent Cells -- Roles of TET-Mediated Modifications of 5meC -- Stress During Key Embryonic Transitions Have Lifelong Consequences -- Conclusions -- References -- 18.Epigenetic Biomarkers / Shuiping Liu -- Introduction -- Epigenetic Biomarkers Offer Distinct Advantages Over Genetic Biomarkers -- Minimally Invasive Tissues are Suitable for Detecting Epigenetic Biomarkers -- Field Cancerization and Epigenetic Biomarkers -- Potential Methylation Biomarkers in Cancer and Other Disease -- Potential Histone Modification Biomarkers in Cancer and Other Diseases -- Potential Noncoding RNA Biomarkers in Diseases -- Epigenetic Biomarker Detection Methods in Clinical Application -- Challenges and Future Perspectives -- References -- 19.Metabolic Regulation of DNA Methylation in Mammalian Cells / Richard Saffery -- DNA Methylation as a Dynamic Epigenetic Process Requiring Constant Methyl Donors -- Mechanisms of DNA Demethylation -- One-Carbon Metabolism as the Source of Methyl Donors for DNA Methylation -- S-Adenosylmethionine: Master of the Methylome -- Regulators of SAM -- Methyl Donor/Cofactor Availability and DNA Methylation -- Disruption of One-Carbon Metabolism, DNA Methylation, and Disease: What is the Link? -- Concluding Remarks -- References -- 20.Dietary and Metabolic Compounds Affecting Covalent Histone Modifications / J. Alfredo Martinez -- Introduction -- Histone Acetylation -- Histone Methylation -- Other Histone Modifications -- Conclusions -- References -- 21.Epigenetics, Stem Cells, Cellular Differentiation, and Associated Hereditary Neurological Disorders / Julien Rossignol -- Introduction to Epigenetics -- Epigenetics and the Human Brain -- Conclusions -- References --

22.Epigenetic Regulation of Neuron’s Regenerative Abilities After Spinal Cord Injury / Michael I. Shifman -- Introduction -- DNA Methylation in Axon Growth and Regeneration -- Histone Posttranslational Modifications in Axon Growth and Regeneration -- Advantages of Studying Axonal Regeneration in Larval Lamprey CNS -- Changes in HATs and HDACs mRNA Expression in Lamprey CNS After Spinal Cord Transection -- Chromatin-Independent Effects of Protein Acetylation on Axon Growth and Regeneration -- The Role of Long Noncoding RNAs (IncRNAs) in Nerve Regeneration -- Conclusions -- References -- 23.Epigenetics of Memory Processes / J. David Sweatt -- Introduction -- Epigenetic Modification of Histones Underlying Memory -- Covalent Modification of DNA Underlying Memory -- Summary -- References -- 24.Transgenerational Epigenetics / Frances A. Champagne -- Introduction -- Epigenetic Consequences of Prenatal Maternal Exposures -- Postnatal Maternal Regulation of the Epigenome -- Paternal Influence on Offspring Development -- Transgenerational Effects of Parental Influence -- Germline-Mediated Transgenerational Inheritance -- Experience-Dependent Transgenerational Inheritance -- Epigenetics, Plasticity, and Evolving Concepts of Inheritance -- References -- 25.Aging Epigenetics / Axel Schumacher -- Introduction -- DNA Methylation Changes During Aging -- Dynamics of DNA Methylation During Aging -- Global Methylation Changes in Aging Cells -- Gene-Specific Methylation Changes -- One Carbon Metabolism in Aging -- Changes of Higher Order Chromatin Structure in Aging -- Histone Modifications During Aging -- HAEHDAC Balance -- Sirtuins -- Epigenetic Control of Telomeres in Aging -- Other Epigenetic Mediators That Influence Longevity -- Model of Age-Dependent Epigenetic Drift -- Lessons From Twin Research -- Conclusions and Future Directions -- References -- VI.EVOLUTIONARY EPIGENETICS --

26.Evolution of Epigenetic Mechanisms in Plants: Insights From H3K4 and H3K27 Methyltransferases / J. Armando Casas-Mollano -- Introduction -- Histone Lysine Methylation -- HKMTs in Plants -- Evolution of Plant HKMTs Methylating H3K4 -- Evolution of Plant HKMTs Methylating H3K27 -- Perspectives -- References -- 27.Evolution of Epigenetic Mechanisms in Animals and Their Role in Speciation / Gunter Vogt -- Introduction -- Diversification of DNA Methylation in Animals -- Epigenetic Mechanisms as Consolidators of Speciation -- Epigenetic Mechanisms as Driving Force of Evolution -- Conclusions and Perspective -- References -- 28.Adaptive Evolution and Epigenetics / Ilkka Kronholm -- Introduction -- Epigenetic Variation -- Induced Epigenetic Changes -- Spontaneous Epigenetic Variation -- Modeling Evolution -- Supply of Epigenetic Mutations -- Stability of Epigenetic Mutations -- Distribution of Mutational Effects -- Model for Adaptive Evolution With Epigenetic Variation -- Limits of Epigenetic Contributions to Adaptation -- Future Directions -- References -- VII.EPIGENETIC EPIDEMIOLOGY -- 29.Epigenetics of Livestock Breeding / Hasan Khatib -- Introduction -- Development of Animal Breeding -- Epigenetic Source of Phenotypic Variation in Livestock Traits -- Revisiting Animal Breeding Planning -- Conclusions -- References -- 30.Nutritional Epigenome and Metabolic Syndrome / Zdenko Herceg -- Introduction -- Epigenetic Mechanism and Metabolic Syndrome -- Impact of Parental Nutrition on Fetal Reprogramming -- Dietary Factors and Metabolic Epigenome -- Conclusions and Perspectives -- References -- 31.Environmental Influence of Epigenetics / Chiao-Ling Lo -- Introduction -- The Extent of Environmental Influence -- Exerting Environment -- Mental or Physiological Environment -- Hazardous Environmental Pollutants and Chemicals -- Conclusions and Future Direction -- References --

32.The Gut Microbiota Influence on Human Epigenetics, Health, and Disease / Kjetil Soreide -- Introduction -- Early Microbiome Exposure and Epigenetic Influence -- The Human Gut Microflora -- The Microbiome, Epigenetics, and Effect on Metabolism -- Gut Microbiota, Inflammation, and Colorectal Carcinogenesis -- Pathogenic Infections and Cancer -- Pathogenic Infections and Epigenetic Modifications -- Viruses and Epigenetic Role in Cancer Development -- Bacterial Influence on the Cell Cycle -- Conclusive Remarks -- References -- 33.Population Pharmacoepigenomics / Jacob Peedicayil -- Introduction -- General Aspects of Population Pharmacoepigenomics -- Population Variations of Epigenetic Patterns and Population Pharmacoepigenomics -- Human Epigenome Projects and Population Pharmacoepigenomics -- Population Pharmacoepigenomics in Relation to Pharmacokinetics -- Population Pharmacoepigenomics in Relation to Pharmacodynamics -- The 3D and 4D Chromatin Structures in the Nuclei of Cells in the Liver and Other Body Organs and Population Pharmacoepigenomics -- Population Pharmacoepigenomics in Relation to Adverse Drug Reactions and Drug Interactions -- Conclusions -- References -- VIII.EPIGENETICS AND HUMAN DISEASE -- 34.Cancer Epigenetics / Kjetil Søreide -- Introduction -- Epigenetic Influences Over a Life Time and Cancer Risk -- Mechanisms of Epigenetics in Cancer: Writers, Readers, and Erasers -- Genetic and Epigenetic Classification of Cancer -- Epigenetic Biomarkers in Cancer -- Epigenetics as Cancer Therapeutic Targets -- Future Perspectives -- References -- 35.The Role of Epigenetics in Autoimmune Disorders / Astrid Jungel -- The Immune System and Autoimmunity -- Epigenetics of Immune Cells -- Epigenetics of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus -- Epigenetics of Rheumatoid Arthritis -- Multiple Sclerosis -- Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus -- Systemic Sclerosis --

The Role of DNMT3A and DNMT3B in Cancer Clinical Studies With DNA Methylation Inhibitors -- Combination of AZA or DAC With Other New or Classical Chemotherapy Drugs -- The Role of Demethylation in Cancer: Potential Risk of Promoting Cancer and Metastasis by Demethylating Agents -- Challenges and Questions -- DNMT Inhibitors as Potential Treatment of Mental Health Conditions -- Challenges and Prospective -- References -- 40.Clinical Applications of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors / Pamela N. Munster -- Introduction -- Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Hematological Malignancies -- Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors in the Treatment of Solid Tumors -- Clinical Applications of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors for Noncancer Diseases -- Conclusions and the Future Directions of the Clinical Applications of HDAC Inhibitors -- References -- 41.Combination Epigenetic Therapy / Ruta Navakauskiene -- Introduction -- Chromatin-Remodeling Agents, Combined Treatment, and Targeted Therapy -- Conclusions and Future Perspectives -- References -- X.THE FUTURE OF EPIGENETICS -- 42.New Directions for Epigenetics: Application of Engineered DNA-Binding Molecules to Locus-Specific Epigenetic Research / Hodaka Fujii -- Introduction -- General Information on Engineered DNA-Binding Molecules -- Locus-Specific Epigenome Editing -- Locus-Specific Identification of Epigenetic Molecules that Interact with Target Genomic Regions -- Conclusions -- References

(OCoLC)993671596