.

0 (hodnocen0 x )

BK

First edition

Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2013

xv, 291 stran : ilustrace ; 25 cm

ISBN 978-0-19-968077-1 (brožováno)

Dotisk s opravami 2019

Obsahuje bibliografii na stranách 275-277, bibliografické odkazy a rejstříky

Popsáno podle dotisku z roku 2020

001635972

1 About Condensed Matter Physics 1 // 1.1 What Is Condensed Matter Physics 1 // 1.2 Why Do We Study Condensed Matter Physics? 1 // 1.3 Why Solid State Physics? 3 // 1 Physics of Solids without Considering Microscopic Structure: The Early Days of Solid State 5 // 2 Specific Heat of Solids: Boltzmann, Einstein, and Debye 7 // 2.1 Einstein’s Calculation 8 // 2.2 Debye’s Calculation 9 // 2.2.1 Periodic (Born-von Karman) Boundary Conditions 10 // 2.2.2 Debye’s Calculation Following Planck 11 // 2.2.3 Debye’s “Interpolation” 13 // 2.2.4 Some Shortcomings of the Debye Theory 14 // 2.3 Appendix to this Chapter: Ł(4) 16 // Exercises 17 // 3 Electrons in Metals: Drude Theory 19 // 3.1 Electrons in Fields 20 // 3.1.1 Electrons in an Electric Field 20 // 3.1.2 Electrons in Electric and Magnetic Fields 21 // 3.2 Thermal Transport 22 // Exercises 25 // 4 More Electrons in Metals: Sommerfeld (Free Electron) // Theory 27 // 4.1 Basic Fermi-Dirac Statistics 27 // 4.2 Electronic Heat Capacity 29 // 4.3 Magnetic Spin Susceptibility (Pauli Paramagnetism) 32 // 4.4 Why Drude Theory Works So Well 34 // 4.5 Shortcomings of the Free Electron Model 35 // Exercises 37 // II Structure of Materials 39 // 5 The Periodic Table // 41 // xii Contents // 5.1 Chemistry, Atoms, and the Schroedinger Equation 41 // 5.2 Structure of the Periodic Table 42 // 5.3 Periodic Trends 43 // 5.3.1 Effective Nuclear Charge 45 // Exercises 46 // 6 What Holds Solids Together: Chemical Bonding 49 // 6.1 Ionic Bonds 49 // 6.2 Covalent Bond 52 // 6.2.1 Particle in a Box Picture 52 // 6.2.2 Molecular Orbital or Tight Binding Theory 53 // 6.3 Van der Waals, Fluctuating Dipole Forces, or Molecular // Bonding 57 // 6.4 Metallic Bonding 59 // 6.5 Hydrogen Bonds 59 // Exercises 61 // 7 Types of Matter 65 // III Toy Models of Solids in One Dimension 69 //

8 One-Dimensional Model of Compressibility, Sound, and // Thermal Expansion 71 // Exercises 74 // 9 Vibrations of a One-Dimensional Monatomic Chain 77 // 9.1 First Exposure to the Reciprocal Lattice 79 // 9.2 Properties of the Dispersion of the One-Dimensional Chain 80 // 9.3 Quantum Modes: Phonons 82 // 9.4 Crystal Momentum 84 // Exercises 86 // 10 Vibrations of a One-Dimensional Diatomic Chain 89 // 10.1 Diatomic Crystal Structure: Some Useful Definitions 89 // 10.2 Normal Modes of the Diatomic Solid 90 // Exercises 96 // 11 Tight Binding Chain (Interlude and Preview) 99 // 11.1 Tight Binding Model in One Dimension 99 // 11.2 Solution of the Tight Binding Chain 101 // 11.3 Introduction to Electrons Filling Bands 104 // 11.4 Multiple Bands 105 // Exercises 107 // IV Geometry of Solids 111 // 12 Crystal Structure 113 // 12.1 Lattices and Unit Cells 113 // 12.2 Lattices in Three Dimensions 117 // 12.2.1 The Body-Centered Cubic (bcc) Lattice 118 // 12.2.2 The Face-Centered Cubic (fee) Lattice 120 // 12.2.3 Sphere Packing 121 // 12.2.4 Other Lattices in Three Dimensions 122 // 12.2.5 Some Real Crystals 123 // Exercises 125 // 13 Reciprocal Lattice, Brillouin Zone, Waves in Crystals 127 // 13.1 The Reciprocal Lattice in Three Dimensions 127 // 13.1.1 Review of One Dimension 127 // 13.1.2 Reciprocal Lattice Definition 128 // 13.1.3 The Reciprocal Lattice as a Fourier Transform 129 // 13.1.4 Reciprocal Lattice Points as Families of Lattice // Planes 130 // 13.1.5 Lattice Planes and Miller Indices 132 // 13.2 Brillouin Zones 134 // 13.2.1 Review of One-Dimensional Dispersions and // Brillouin Zones 134 // 13.2.2 General Brillouin Zone Construction 134 // 13.3 Electronic and Vibrational Waves in Crystals in Three // Dimensions 136 // Exercises 137 // V Neutron and X-Ray Diffraction 139 // 14 Wave Scattering by Crystals 141 // 14.1 The Laue and Bragg Conditions 141 //

14.1.1 Fermi’s Golden Rule Approach 141 // 14.1.2 Diffraction Approach 142 // 14.1.3 Equivalence of Laue and Bragg conditions 143 // 14.2 Scattering Amplitudes 144 // 14.2.1 Simple Example 146 // 14.2.2 Systematic Absences and More Examples 147 // 14.2.3 Geometric Interpretation of Selection Rules 149 // 14.3 Methods of Scattering Experiments 150 // 14.3.1 Advanced Methods 150 // 14.3.2 Powder Diffraction 151 // 14.4 Still More About Scattering 156 // 14.4.1 Scattering in Liquids and Amorphous Solids 156 // 14.4.2 Variant: Inelastic Scattering 156 // 14.4.3 Experimental Apparatus 157 // Exercises 159 // xiv Contents // VI Electrons in Solids 161 // 15 Electrons in a Periodic Potential 163 // 15.1 Nearly Free Electron Model 163 // 15.1.1 Degenerate Perturbation Theory 165 // 15.2 Bloch’s Theorem 169 // Exercises 171 // 16 Insulator, Semiconductor, or Metal 173 // 16.1 Energy Bands in One Dimension 173 // 16.2 Energy Bands in Two and Three Dimensions 175 // 16.3 Tight Binding 177 // 16.4 Failures of the Band-Structure Picture of Metals and // Insulators 177 // 16.5 Band Structure and Optical Properties 179 // 16.5.1 Optical Properties of Insulators and // Semiconductors 179 // 16.5.2 Direct and Indirect Transitions 179 // 16.5.3 Optical Properties of Metals 180 // 16.5.4 Optical Effects of Impurities 181 // Exercises 182 // 17 Semiconductor Physics 183 // 17.1 Electrons and Holes 183 // 17.1.1 Drude Transport: Redux 186 // 17.2 Adding Electrons or Holes with Impurities: Doping 187 // 17.2.1 Impurity States 188 // 17.3 Statistical Mechanics of Semiconductors 191 // Exercises 195 // 18 Semiconductor Devices 197 // 18.1 Band Structure Engineering 197 // 18.1.1 Designing Band Gaps 197 // 18.1.2 Non-Homogeneous Band Gaps 198 // 18.2 p-n Junction 199 // 18.3 The Transistor 203 // Exercises 206 // VII Magnetism and Mean Field Theories 207 //

19 Magnetic Properties of Atoms: Para- and // Dia-Magnetism 209 // 19.1 Basic Definitions of Types of Magnetism 209 // 19.2 Atomic Physics: Hund’s Rules 211 // 19.2.1 Why Moments Align 212 // 19.3 Coupling of Electrons in Atoms to an External Field 214 // 19.4 Free Spin (Curie or Langevin) Paramagnetism 215 // 19.5 Larmor Diamagnetism 217 // 19.6 Atoms in Solids 218 // 19.6.1 Pauli Paramagnetism in Metals 219 // 19.6.2 Diamagnetism in Solids 219 // 19.6.3 Curie Paramagnetism in Solids 220 // Exercises 222 // 20 Spontaneous Magnetic Order: Ferro-, Antiferro-, and Ferri-Magnetism 225 // 20.1 (Spontaneous) Magnetic Order 226 // 20.1.1 Ferromagnets 226 // 20.1.2 Antiferromagnets 226 // 20.1.3 Ferrimagnets 227 // 20.2 Breaking Symmetry 228 // 20.2.1 Ising Model 228 // Exercises 229 // 21 Domains and Hysteresis 233 // 21.1 Macroscopic Effects in Ferromagnets: Domains 233 // 21.1.1 Domain Wall Structure and the Bloch/Néel Wall 234 // 21.2 Hysteresis in Ferromagnets 236 // 21.2.1 Disorder Pinning 236 // 21.2.2 Single-Domain Crystallites 236 // 21.2.3 Domain Pinning and Hysteresis 238 // Exercises 240 // 22 Mean Field Theory 243 // 22.1 Mean Field Equations for the Ferromagnetic Ising Model 243 // 22.2 Solution of Self-Consistency Equation 245 // 22.2.1 Paramagnetic Susceptibility 246 // 22.2.2 Further Thoughts 247 // Exercises 248 // 23 Magnetism from Interactions: The Hubbard Model 251 // 23.1 Itinerant Ferromagnetism 252 // 23.1.1 Hubbard Ferromagnetism Mean Field Theory 252 // 23.1.2 Stoner Criterion 253 // 23.2 Mott Antiferromagnetism 255 // 23.3 Appendix: Hubbard Model for the Hydrogen Molecule 257 // Exercises 259 // A Sample Exam and Solutions 261 // ? List of Other Good Books 275 // Indices 279 // Index of People 280 // Index of Topics 283