Part A. Economic development, technological change, and the human condition -- Introduction -- The improving state of humanity -- Has globalization widened the gaps in human well-being? -- The cycle of progress : factors propelling humanity’s progress -- Part B. The effects of economic development and technological change on the environment -- Competing views regarding affluence, technology, and the environment -- Long-term environmental trends -- Are long-term trends consistent with environmental transitions? -- Factors affecting environmental trends -- Part C. Reconciling human well-being with environmental quality -- The promise and peril of bioengineered crops -- Climate change and sustainable development -- Part D. Sustaining the human enterprise -- The future sustainability of human populations -- Extending the limits : the role of economic development, technological change, and free trade.