Contents // Acknowledgements vii // Introduction ix // 1 What is communicative ability? 1 // 2 Relating forms to meanings 8 // 3 Communicative activities: some general considerations // 4 Functional communication activities 22 // 5 Social interaction activities 43 // 6 Listening activities 65 // 7 Choosing what to teach 76 // 8 A communicative approach 85 // Further reading 96 // Bibliography 101