Foreword 1 // 1. Introduction 3 // What is an Interpreter? 3 // What is Conference Interpreting? 4 // The Context of the Conference Interpreter’s Work 6 // Definitions and Examples used in this Book 8 // 2. Basic Principles of Consecutive Interpreting 11 // Understanding 11 // Analysis 14 // Analysis of Speech Type 14 // Identification of Main Ideas 21 // Analysis of Links 28 // Memory 29 // Re-expression 33 // 3. Note-taking in Consecutive Interpreting 39 // Practical Points for Note-taking 40 // What to Note 41 // How to Note 44 // Abbreviations and Symbols 49 // The Language in which to Note 60 // When to Note 61 // How to Read Back Notes 64 // 4. Simultaneous Interpreting 66 // The Acoustic Difficulties of Simultaneous Interpreting 67 // The Technique of Simultaneous Interpreting 72 // When to Start Speaking? 72 // Reformulation 80 // The Salami Technique 91 // Efficiency in Reformulation 95 // Simplification 98 // Generalization 101 // Omission (under Duress) and Fast Speakers 102 // Summarizing and Recapitulation 104 // Explanation 104 // Anticipation 105 // What if / Make a Clear Mistake ? 107 // What if the Speaker Makes a Mistake ? 108 // Avoiding Committing Yourself 1 ? // Metaphors and Sayings 112 // Using ‘Patphrases’ 114 // Intonation, Stress and Pauses 115 // Numbers 117 // Ret our 120 // Relay 122 // Concluding Remarks on Simultaneous Technique 124 // 5. The Pleasure of Interpreting 129 // Glossary 131 // Bibliographical References 135 // Index 139