.

0 (hodnocen0 x )

(2) Půjčeno:2x 

BK

Oxford : Oxford University, 1991

ISBN 0-19-437075-5

000038212

Rekat.

List of illustrations viii // Acknowledgements x // Note on spelling xii // Preface xiii // PART ONE Practical language teaching to 1800 // 1 The early years 3 // 2 ‘Refugiate in a strange country’: the refugee // language teachers in Elizabethan London 12 // 3 Towards ‘The great and common world’ 32 // 4 Guy Mičge and the second Huguenot exile 52 // 5 The spread of English language teaching in Europe 61 // PART TWO On ‘fixing’ the language // 6 Introduction 75 // 7 Two proposals for orthographical reform in the // sixteenth century: 83 // The work of John Hart, Chester Herald 83 // Richard Mulcaster’s Elementarie 89 // 8 Early pedagogical grammars of English for foreign // learners: 94 // Ben Jonson’s English Grammar 94 // John Wallis’s Grammatica Linguae Anglicanae 98 // 9 ‘Things, words, and notions’ 102 // 10 The language‘fixed’: 106 // Latin Schools and English Schools 106 // Swift’s Proposal for a British Academy 109 // Towards Standard English 110 // vi Contents // PART THREE Language teaching in the nineteenth century // Overview 129 // 11 The grammar-translation method: 131 // Introduction 131 // The grammar-translation method and the // schools: some Anglo-German contrasts 132 // The grammar-translation method and adult // language teaching: the ‘practical approach’ of // Ahn and Ollendorff 138 // 12 Individual reformers: 147 // Overview 147 // ‘All is in all’: Jean Joseph Jacotot 150 // The Rational Method of Claude Marcel 152 //

Thomas Prendergast’s ‘Mastery System’ 156 // Francois Gouin and the ‘Series’ 161 // 13 The Reform Movement: 169 // Introduction 169 // The principles of reform 171 // The Klinghardt experiment 173 // The role of phonetics 175 // The work of Henry Sweet: an applied linguistic approach 179 // 14 Natural methods of language teaching from // Montaigne to Berlitz 192 // PART FOUR The making of a profession // SECTION 1 Overview of English language teaching since 1900 // 15 The teaching of English as a foreign or second // language since 1900: a survey: 212 // Laying the foundations (1900—1922) 213 // Research and development (1922-1939) 214 // Consolidation (1945—1960) 217 // Change and variation since 1960 220 // SECTION 2 Essays in the history of English language teaching since 1900 // 16 Harold E. Palmer: 230 // Palmer’s life and work 230 // Palmer’s methodology 236 // 17 Choosing the right words: 245 // Michael West and the New Method 245 // The Basic issue 250 // Carnegie and after 255 // 18 Old patterns and new directions: 260 // A. S. Hornby and the post-war consensus 260 // The impact of applied linguistics 265 // The notion of communication 273 // Epilogue: // On rational and natural approaches to // language teaching 295 // A chronology of English language teaching 298 // Biographical notes 305 // Appendix: 340 // ‘Language teaching must start afresh!’ A translation of Wilhelm Victor’s Der Sprachunterricht muss umkehren! 343 // Bibliography 364 // Index 385