.

0 (hodnocen0 x )

BK

1st pub. in paperback

Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2008

xxviii, 507 s. : il., grafy ; 24 cm

ISBN 978-0-19-954446-2 (brož.)

Obsahuje tabulky, poznámky

Bibliografie na s. [459]-489, rejsřík

000087956

LIST OF FIGURES xi // LIST OF TABLES xii // LIST OF BOXES xiii // PREFACE XV // PREFACE FOR THE PAPERBACK EDITION // LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS // 1. A good thing? 1 // The aid revival 2 // A different book on aid 4 // Outline of the book 9 // PART I: THE COMPLEXWORLDS OF FOREIGN AID 15 // 2. The origins and early decades of aid-giving 17 // Defining aid 17 // A snapshot of the history of aid 21 // The origins of aid: the pre-1949 era 24 // The 1950s to the 1960s 26 // 3. Aid-giving from the 1970s to the present 31 // The 1970s and 1980s 31 // From the 1990s to today 38 // 4. The growing web of bilateral aid donors 51 // The ever-increasing number of donors 51 // The explosion in the numbers of non-governmental organizations 53 // The main bilateral donors 55 // The smaller bilateral donors 69 // 5. The complexities of multilateral aid 77 // What is multilateral aid and how much of it is there? 77 // The international financial institutions 81 // The United Nations, development and aid 82 // Other multilateral agencies 85 // Systemic issues 86 // PART II: WHY IS AID GIVEN? 89 // 6. The political and commercial dimensions of aid 91 // Why governments give aid 91 // Politics and national self-interest in aid-giving 94 // Commercial interests in aid-giving 98 // The overall impact of political and commercial influences on aid 101 // Concluding comments 105 // 7. Public support for aid 107 // Trends in public support 107 // The reliability of public opinion surveys 113 // Public support for aid and public perception of its effectiveness 114 // 8. Charity or duty? The moral case for aid 119 // Facts on the ground 120 // Ethical theories and approaches 129 // 9. The moral case for governments, NGOs and individuals to provide aid 139 // Donor governments: current and evolving views 139 // Aid and the nature of governments’ moral obligations 142 //

Ethics, voluntary aid-giving and the world of NGOs 154 // PART III: DOES AID REALLY WORK? 163 // 10. Assessing and measuring the impact of aid 165 // Methodological challenges and data-gaps 166 // Judging the impact and performance of aid: what questions need to be asked? 170 // Understanding how aid contributes to growth and development 173 // Expectations about the impact of aid 175 // 11. The impact of official development aid projects 179 // Project aid: an overview 180 // Detailed project performance 183 // Data quality and the sustainability of official aid projects 186 // The wider picture 187 // Summing up 192 // 12. The impact of programme aid, technical assistance and aid for // capacity development 195 // Programme aid 195 // Technical assistance 202 // Aid for capacity building 207 // 13. The impact of aid at the country and cross-country level 213 // The country-level impact of aid 213 // The impact of official development aid across countries 222 // 14. Assessing the impact of aid conditionality 231 // Aggregate aid impact and the policy environment 231 // Official donor conditionality and recipient response 235 // Does policy conditionality produce the results intended? 241 // Summing up 251 // 15. Does official development aid really work? A summing up 253 // The search for sustainability 253 // Effectiveness does matter 256 // 16. NGOs in development and the impact of discrete NGO development interventions 259 // NGOs: an overview 259 // Methodological challenges 265 // The impact of NGO development projects and programmes 269 // Cost-effectiveness, quality, innovation and replication 276 // Capacity development and institutional strengthening 282 // 17. The wider impact of non-governmental and civil society organizations 287 // NGO advocacy, lobbying, awareness-raising and campaigning 288 //

Strengthening NGOs and strengthening civil society 301 // The contribution of NGOs to development: a summing up 306 // 18. The growth of emergencies and the humanitarian response 311 // Emergencies and disasters: an overview 311 // The humanitarian aid response 315 // 19. The impact of emergency and humanitarian aid 325 // Assessing humanitarian aid 325 // The impact of humanitarian action and humanitarian aid 336 // Advocacy in humanitarian action 349 // Emergency and humanitarian aid: a summing up 352 // PART IV: TOWARDS A DIFFERENT FUTURE FOR AID 355 // 20. Why aid isn’t working 357 // Systematic impediments to aid effectiveness: problems caused by donors 358 // Problems at the recipient end: aid dilemmas 369 // Conclusion 379 // 21. Making aid work better by implementing agreed reforms 381 // The discrete individual-donor approach 382 // The step-change international cooperative approach 383 // Taking stock 385 // 22. Making aid work better by recasting aid relationships 389 // Confronting the politics of aid-giving 390 // Recasting aid relationships 391 // Making aid work better: addressing five key problem areas 398 // Bridging the divide between ideas and implementation 411 // NOTES 415 // REFERENCES 459 // INDEX 491