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BK

2nd edition

London : Macmillan Education : Palgrave, 2018

xx, 298 stran : ilustrace ; 24 cm

ISBN 978-1-352-00396-3 (brožováno)

Terminologický slovník

Obsahuje bibliografii na stranách 283-288, bibliografické odkazy a rejstřík

001652490

List of Core Speeches ix // List of Figures x // List of Tables xi // Introduction xii // Acknowledgements xx // PART I TRADITIONAL APPROACHES TO RHETORIC, ORATORY AND DISCOURSE // 1. Classical Rhetoric: Artistic Proofs and Arrangement 3 // 1.1 Introduction: rhetoric, oratory and persuasion 3 // 1.2 Branches of oratory 6 // 1.3 The proofs 8 // 1.3.1 Ethos: character 8 // 1.3.2 Logos: reason 12 // 1.3.3 Pathos: emotion 16 // 1.4 Arrangement in classical rhetoric 19 // 1.5 Summary 27 // Essential reading 33 // 2. Classical Rhetoric: Style and Figures 34 // 2.1 Introduction: what is style? 34 // 2.2 Style in classical rhetoric 36 // 2.3 Figures of speech 43 // 2.3.1 Schemes 43 // 2.3.2 Tropes 49 // 2.3.3 Interaction between schemes and tropes 54 // 2.4 Summary 58 // Essential reading 58 // 3. Coherence and Cohesion in Discourse 59 // 3.1 Introduction - what is coherence? 59 // 3.1.1 Coherence and speech circumstances 59 // 3.2 What is cohesion? 61 // 3.3 Grammatical cohesion 62 // 3.3.1 Reference 62 // v // vi Contents // 3.3.2 Deixis 64 // 3.3.3 Anaphoric reference 67 // 3.3.4 Cataphoric reference 68 // 3.3.5 Other reference categories 69 // 3.4 Lexical cohesion 70 // 3.4.1 Repetition and reiteration 71 // 3.4.2 Semantic relations: antonyms and synonyms 72 // 3.4.3 Collocation 73 // 3.5 Summary 77 // Essential reading 83 // PART II CRITICAL APPROACHES TO DISCOURSE // 4. Critical Analysis: Context and Persuasion 87 // 4.1 What is power? 87 // 4.2 CDA, context and circumstances 90 // 4.2.1 Stage 1: analysis of speech ‘circumstances’ 91 // 4.2.2 Stage 2: identification and analysis of features 94 // 4.2.3 Stage 3: interpretation and explanation 97 // 4.3 Persuasion 99 // 4.4 Summary 105 // Essential reading 108 // 5. Social Agency and Modality 109 // 5.1 Agency 109 // 5.1.1 What is agency? 109 // 5.1.2 Nominal forms and names 110 // 5.1.3 Verbal processes 113 //

5.2 Modality 115 // 5.2.1 What is modality? 115 // 5.2.2 Levels of modality 119 // 5.2.3 Types of modality 121 // 5.3 Summary 132 // Essential reading 132 // 6. The Discourse-Historical Approach 133 // 6.1 Introduction 133 // 6.2 Discursive strategies and intention 137 // 6.3 Discursive strategies and discrimination 139 // 6.4 Topoi, warrants and arguments 143 // 6.4.1 Example 1: traffic congestion 147 // 6.4.2 Example 2: the case for war 148 // 6.5 Sample text analysis using DHA 151 // Contents vii // 6.6 A critique of DHA 157 // 6.7 Summary 160 // Essential reading 161 // 7. Ad Hominem Arguments and Corpus Methods 162 // 7.1 Introduction - impoliteness in politics 162 // 7.2 Ad hominem arguments and impoliteness as entertainment 165 // 7.3 Ad hominem arguments and impoliteness as coercion 168 // 7.4 Corpus methods for exploring the rhetoric of // Donald Trump 173 // 7.4.1 Introduction and method 173 // 7.4.2 Trump keywords 175 // 7.4.3 Adjective-noun patterns: ‘Us’ and Them’ groups 178 // 7.4.4 Negative emotions and ad hominem arguments 181 // 7.4.5 Size adjectives 185 // 7.4.6 Verb patterns: ‘attack’ and ‘defend’ strategies 188 // 7.5 Summary 192 // Essential reading 193 // PART III CRITICAL METAPHOR ANALYSIS // 8. Researching Metaphor in Public Communication 197 // 8.1 Introduction: Blair and the‘beacon’ metaphor 197 // 8.2 Metaphor: definition and appeal 201 // 8.3 Research design for metaphor in political discourse: // an overview 205 // 8.4 Metaphor identification and classification 213 // 8.5 Summary 215 // Essential reading 216 // 9. Critical Metaphor Analysis: Theory and Method 217 // 9.1 Introduction 217 // 9.2 Metaphor identification in critical metaphor analysis 219 // 9.3 Case Study 1: identification of metaphor in Obama’s // first inaugural address 225 // 9.4 Theoretical approaches to metaphor 228 //

9.4.1 Conceptual metaphor theory applied 229 // 9.4.2 Conceptual blending theory applied 231 // 9.5 Case Study 2: interpretation of metaphor in Obama’s first inaugural address using conceptual metaphor theory 236 // 9.6 Evaluating conceptual metaphor and blending theory 240 // 9.7 Summary 241 // Essential reading 242 // 10. Purposeful Metaphor and Social Cognition 243 // 10.1 Introduction 243 // 10.2 The purposes of metaphor 247 // 10.2.1 General rhetorical purpose: gaining the audience’s // attention and establishing trust 248 // 10.2.2 Heuristic purpose: framing issues so that they are intelligible in a way that is favourable to // an argument 249 // 10.2.3 Predicative purpose: implying an evaluation of political actors and their policies 251 // 10.2.4 Empathetic purpose: to arouse the audience’s feelings in such a way that they will be favourable to the speaker 254 // 10.2.5 Aesthetic purpose: creating textual coherence 255 // 10.2.6 Ideological purpose: to offer a ‘worldview’ 257 // 10.2.7 Mythic purpose 262 // 10.3 Case Study 3: explanation of metaphor in Obama’s first inaugural address 262 // Essential reading 266 // Comments on Exercises 267 // Further Reading and References 283 // Glossary 289 // Index 295