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EB

EB

ONLINE

Second edition

Champaign, IL : Human Kinetics, 2006

1 online zdroj

ISBN 9781492596912 (online)

ISBN 9780736045179 (print)

Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy

Skeletal Muscle: Form and Function, Second Edition, provides readers with a detailed understanding of the different facets of muscle physiology. Meticulously researched and updated, this text examines motoneuron and muscle structure and function. It is intended for those who need to know about skeletal muscle--from undergraduate and graduate students gaining advanced knowledge in kinesiology to physiotherapists, physiatrists, and other professionals whose work demands understanding of muscle form and function. A unique feature of this book is that it combines basic sciences (anatomy, physiology, biophysics, and chemistry) with clinical applications (detection of disease and genetic mutations and training and rehabilitation). Each chapter ends with a section on clinical and other applied aspects of the information presented in that chapter, showing, for example, how specific defects of muscle or nerve cells can result in certain clinical disorders.-.

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Preface -- Part I. Structure and Development -- Chapter 1. Muscle Architecture and Muscle Fiber Anatomy ; Muscle Architecture ; Muscle Connective Tissue ; Basement Membrane ; Plasmalemma ; Myofi brils ; Tubular Systems ; Nuclei and Mitochondria ; Applied Physiology -- Chapter 2. The Motoneuron ; General Features of Motoneurons ; Motoneuron Soma ; Cytoskeletal Proteins in the Motoneuron ; Axon, Dendrites, and Glia ; Applied Physiology -- Chapter 3. The Neuromuscular Junction ; General Features of the Neuromuscular Junction ; Muscle Fiber ; Acetylcholine Receptors ; The Basement Membrane at the Neuromuscular Junction ; Axon Terminal ; Applied Physiology -- Chapter 4. Muscle Receptors ; The Muscle Spindle ; The Golgi Tendon Organ ; Free Nerve Endings ; Role of Muscle Receptors During Locomotor Activity ; Applied Physiology -- Chapter 5. Muscle Formation ; Step 1: Mesoderm Is Induced From Ectoderm ; Step 2: A Portion ofMesoderm Forms Somites, Then Develops Into Skeletal Muscle ; Step 3: The Myogenic (Muscle-Forming) Cells Proliferate and Then Differentiate ; Step 4: The Body Plan Is Laid Down ; Step 5: Muscles Are Assembled Postnatal Development of Muscle ; Applied Physiology -- Chapter 6. Development of Muscle Innervation ; Step 1: Inductive Signals Pass From Mesoderm to Ectoderm ; Step 2: The Neural Tube Forms From Thickening and Invagination of the Dorsal Ectoderm ; Step 3: Nerve Cells Proliferate and Then Migrate ; Step 4: Axons Grow Out From the Spinal Cord Along the Extracellular Matrix ; Step 5: The Axons Establish Connections With the Muscle Fibers ; Step 6: Redundant Synapses and Motoneurons Are Eliminated ; Applied Physiology -- Part II. Putting Muscles to Work --

Chapter 7. Ion Channels, Pumps, and Binding Proteins ;General Properties of Channels and Pumps ; Sodium Channels ; The Sodium Pump (Na+-K+ Pump) ; Potassium Channels ; Calcium Channels and Pumps ; Calcium-Binding Proteins ; Calcium Pumps ; Anion Channels ; Applied Physiology -- Chapter 8. Axoplasmic Transport ; Confi rmation and Categorization of Axoplasmic Transport ; Applied Physiology -- Chapter 9. Resting and Action Potentials ; Resting Membrane Potential ; The Action Potential ; Applied Physiology -- Chapter 10. Neuromuscular Transmission ; Acetylcholine Release ; Postsynaptic Events ; Applied Physiology -- Chapter 11. Muscle Contraction ; Sliding Filament Theory of Muscle Contraction ; The Cross-Bridge Theory of Skeletal Muscle ; The Key Contractile Proteins: Myosin and Actin ;Excitation-Contraction Coupling ; The Contractile Response ; The Length Dependence of Force ; Dynamic Contractions ; Applied Physiology -- Chapter 12. Motor Units ; Organization of Motor Units ; Physiological and Biochemical Properties of Motor Units ; Classification of Motor Units ; Applied Physiology -- Chapter 13. Motor Unit Recruitment ; Detection of Motor Unit Activation ; The Size Principle ; Maximal Voluntary Contraction ; Applied Physiology -- Chapter 14. Muscle Metabolism ; Energy Required for Muscle Contraction ; Replacing Adenosine Triphosphate ; Integration of the Metabolic Systems ; Regulation of the Metabolic Systems ; How Much Energy Is Needed? ; Applied Physiology -- Part III. The Adaptable Neuromuscular System -- Chapter 15. Fatigue ; Defining Fatigue ; Central Fatigue ; Peripheral Fatigue ; Excitation-Contraction Coupling Failure ; Biochemical Changes in Muscle Fibers ; Recovery From Fatigue ; Applied Physiology -- Chapter 16. Loss of Muscle Innervation ; Changes in Motor Axons and Neuromuscular Junctions ; Changes in Muscle Fibers ; Applied Physiology --

Chapter 17. Recovery of Muscle Innervation ; Nerve Regeneration ; Collateral Reinnervation ; Changes in the Muscle Fibers Following Reinnervation ; Motor Unit Properties Following Reinnervation ; Applied Physiology -- Chapter 18. Trophism ; Motoneuron Effects on Muscle ; Muscle Effects on Motoneurons ; Applied Physiology -- Chapter 19. Disuse ; Studies in Human Subjects ; Studies in Animals ; Applied Physiology -- Chapter 20. Muscle Training ; Muscle Strength and Power ; Human Endurance Training ; Training Studies in Animals ; Adaptive Changes in DNA and RNA Processing ; Applied Physiology -- Chapter 21. Injury and Repair ; Muscle Contraction-Induced Damage ; Muscle Injury From External Causes ; Applied Physiology -- Chapter 22. Aging ; Changes in Muscle With Aging ; Motoneuron Changes in Aging ; Changes in Axons and Neuromuscular Junctions ; Applied Physiology -- Glossary of Terms -- References -- Index -- About the Authors