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EB

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Cham : Springer International Publishing AG, 2015

1 online resource (173 pages)

ISBN 9783319146935 (electronic bk.)

ISBN 9783319146928

Print version: Ladikas, Miltos Science and Technology Governance and Ethics Cham : Springer International Publishing AG,c2015 ISBN 9783319146928

Intro -- Foreword -- Contents -- 1 Introduction: Embedding Ethics in Science and Technology Policy-A Global Perspective -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 The Project’s View of Ethics -- 1.3 The Incorporation of Ethics in Science and Technology Policy -- 1.4 Structure of the Book -- References -- 2 Institutionalizing Ethical Debates in Science, Technology and Innovation Policy: A Comparison of Europe, India and China -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Science and Technology for Innovation -- 2.2.1 Developing Innovative Solutions with Science and Technology -- 2.2.2 ’Ethics Debates’: Discussing the Societal Impact of Science, Technology and Innovation Policies -- 2.2.3 An Amalgam of Institutionalizations -- 2.3 Ethical Governance -- 2.3.1 Academic Integrity -- 2.3.2 Research on Human Subjects -- 2.3.3 Protecting Research Animals -- 2.3.4 Conclusion -- 2.4 Ethical Deliberation: Explicating Ethical Issues in Science, Technology and Innovation Developments -- 2.4.1 Ethics Advisory Committees -- 2.4.2 Ethics in Agenda Setting in Science, Technology and Innovation -- 2.4.3 Conclusion -- 2.5 Ethical Reflection -- 2.6 Conclusion -- 2.7 Background Material -- References -- 3 Public Perceptions of Science and Technology in Europe, China and India -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Interest and Knowledge Regarding Science and Technology -- 3.3 The Image of Science and Technology -- 3.3.1 Science and Technology Can Sort Out Any Problem -- 3.3.2 Science and Technology Will Ensure that the Planet Does Not Run Out of Resources -- 3.3.3 Science and Technology Will Create More Opportunities for Future Generations -- 3.3.4 Science and Technology Will Make Our Lives Healthier, Easier and More Comfortable -- 3.4 Fear of Scientists -- 3.5 Between Science and Faith -- 3.6 Balancing Risks and Benefits -- 3.7 Conclusion -- References.

11.3 The Development of Synthetic Biology in the Three Regions: The State of the Art -- 11.4 Comparing Discourses on Synthetic Biology in the Three Regions -- 11.4.1 Discourses on Innovation -- 11.4.2 Discourses on Risk -- 11.4.3 Discourses on Power and Control -- 11.4.4 Synthetic Biology and Lay Morality -- 11.4.5 Synthetic Biology and Reflective Ethics -- 11.5 Conclusion and Discussion: Governance Challenges -- References -- 12 Conclusions: Incorporating Ethics into Science and Technology Policy -- 12.1 State of the Art of Debates in the Three Regions -- 12.2 Mainstreaming Socio-ethical Analysis in the Three Regions -- 12.3 Food Technologies in the Three Regions -- 12.4 Nanotechnology in the Three Regions -- 12.5 Synthetic Biology in the Three Regions -- 12.6 Conclusion.

8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Nature of the Five Science and Technology Discourses -- 8.3 Definitions of the Science and Technology Discourses -- 8.3.1 Innovation Discourse -- 8.3.2 Risk Discourse -- 8.3.3 Power and Control Discourse -- 8.3.4 Discourse of Reflective Ethics -- 8.3.5 Discourse of Lay Morality -- 8.4 Comparative Analysis of Science and Technology Discourses -- 8.4.1 Findings from the Case Studies -- 8.4.1.1 New Food Technologies in the Three Regions -- 8.4.1.2 Nanotechnology in the Three Regions -- 8.4.1.3 Synthetic Biology in the Three Regions -- 8.5 Conclusion: Governance Implications of GEST’s Comparative Analysis -- References -- 9 New Food Technologies in Europe, India and China -- 9.1 Historical Developments in Food and Agriculture -- 9.2 The European Case -- 9.2.1 Justice and Equality -- 9.2.2 Sustainability -- 9.2.3 Freedoms and Rights -- 9.2.4 Ethics and Public Perceptions -- 9.3 The Indian Case -- 9.4 The Chinese Case: Genetically Modified Foods in China -- 9.5 Conclusions from the Three Regions Analysis -- 9.5.1 Regional Commonalities -- References -- 10 Discourses on Nanotechnology in Europe, China and India -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Discourses on Innovation, Risk, and Power and Control -- 10.2.1 Innovation -- 10.2.1.1 European Union -- 10.2.1.2 China -- 10.2.1.3 India -- 10.2.2 Risk -- 10.2.2.1 European Union -- 10.2.2.2 China -- 10.2.2.3 India -- 10.2.3 Power and Control -- 10.2.3.1 European Union -- 10.2.3.2 China -- 10.2.3.3 India -- 10.3 Crosscutting Spheres of Lay Morality and Reflective Ethics -- 10.3.1 European Union -- 10.3.2 China -- 10.3.3 India -- 10.4 Conclusion: Governance, Discourses and Values -- References -- 11 Discourses on Synthetic Biology in Europe, India and China -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Understanding Synthetic Biology -- 11.2.1 Framing of Synthetic Biology as an Emerging and Converging Technology.

4 Public Engagement in the Governance of Science and Technology -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Public Engagement in Europe -- 4.2.1 PTA Practices in the Governance of Genetically Modified Foods in Europe -- 4.2.2 Conclusions -- 4.3 Public Engagement in China -- 4.4 Public Engagement in India -- 4.5 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- 5 Science and Technology Governance and European Values -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Fundamental European Values -- 5.3 European Enlightenment -- 5.4 European Fundamental Values -- 5.4.1 Justice -- 5.4.2 Solidarity -- 5.4.3 Equality -- 5.4.4 Dignity -- 5.4.5 Citizens’ Rights -- 5.4.6 Freedoms -- 5.4.7 Sustainability -- 5.5 Case Study: Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis in Europe -- 5.5.1 Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis -- 5.5.2 PGD in the United Kingdom -- 5.5.3 PGD in the Netherlands -- 5.5.4 PGD in Germany -- 5.5.5 Comparing PGD Dispensations in Europe -- 5.6 Conclusion -- References -- 6 The Values Demonstrated in the Constitution of the People’s Republic of China -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Major Sources and Elements of the Value System in Modern China -- 6.2.1 The Traditional Values of China -- 6.2.2 Western Values Imported Since 1840 -- 6.2.3 New Values Grown in Contemporary Chinese Society -- 6.3 The Basis of Values in the Chinese Constitution -- 6.4 The Key Values in the Chinese Constitution -- 6.4.1 Progress -- 6.4.2 Affluence -- 6.4.3 Peace and Safety -- 6.4.4 Harmony -- 6.5 Conclusion -- References -- 7 Science and Technology for Socio-economic Development and Quest for Inclusive Growth: Emerging Evidence from India -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Science and Technology Policy in India -- 7.3 Science and Technology Policy Discourses in India -- 7.4 Ethics in Science and Technology Policy in India -- 7.5 Conclusion -- References -- 8 A Comparative Framework for Studying Global Ethics in Science and Technology.

8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Nature of the Five Science and Technology Discourses -- 8.3 Definitions of the Science and Technology Discourses -- 8.3.1 Innovation Discourse -- 8.3.2 Risk Discourse -- 8.3.3 Power and Control Discourse -- 8.3.4 Discourse of Reflective Ethics -- 8.3.5 Discourse of Lay Morality -- 8.4 Comparative Analysis of Science and Technology Discourses -- 8.4.1 Findings from the Case Studies -- 8.4.1.1 New Food Technologies in the Three Regions -- 8.4.1.2 Nanotechnology in the Three Regions -- 8.4.1.3 Synthetic Biology in the Three Regions -- 8.5 Conclusion: Governance Implications of GEST’s Comparative Analysis -- References -- 9 New Food Technologies in Europe, India and China -- 9.1 Historical Developments in Food and Agriculture -- 9.2 The European Case -- 9.2.1 Justice and Equality -- 9.2.2 Sustainability -- 9.2.3 Freedoms and Rights -- 9.2.4 Ethics and Public Perceptions -- 9.3 The Indian Case -- 9.4 The Chinese Case: Genetically Modified Foods in China -- 9.5 Conclusions from the Three Regions Analysis -- 9.5.1 Regional Commonalities -- References -- 10 Discourses on Nanotechnology in Europe, China and India -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Discourses on Innovation, Risk, and Power and Control -- 10.2.1 Innovation -- 10.2.1.1 European Union -- 10.2.1.2 China -- 10.2.1.3 India -- 10.2.2 Risk -- 10.2.2.1 European Union -- 10.2.2.2 China -- 10.2.2.3 India -- 10.2.3 Power and Control -- 10.2.3.1 European Union -- 10.2.3.2 China -- 10.2.3.3 India -- 10.3 Crosscutting Spheres of Lay Morality and Reflective Ethics -- 10.3.1 European Union -- 10.3.2 China -- 10.3.3 India -- 10.4 Conclusion: Governance, Discourses and Values -- References -- 11 Discourses on Synthetic Biology in Europe, India and China -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Understanding Synthetic Biology -- 11.2.1 Framing of Synthetic Biology as an Emerging and Converging Technology.

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