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EB

ONLINE

Tokyo : Springer Japan, 2014

1 online resource (287 pages)

ISBN 9784431548041 (electronic bk.)

ISBN 9784431548034

Print version: Kaneko, Nobuhiro Sustainable Living with Environmental Risks Tokyo : Springer Japan,c2014 ISBN 9784431548034

Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Congratulatory Salutation -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Chapter 1: Managing Environmental Risks and Promoting Sustainability, Scientific Advancement, and Leadership Development -- 1.1 Introduction: Environmental Risks and Their Implications for Future Sustainability -- 1.2 Environmental Risks, Their Characteristics, and Sustainability Implications -- 1.3 Developing Expertise and Skills for Future Environmental Leaders -- 1.4 Leadership Programme in Sustainable Living with Environmental Risk -- 1.4.1 Interactive Multimedia Education System (iMES) (Arisawa and Sato in This Book) -- 1.4.2 Intensive Course -- 1.4.3 Madagascar Joint Field Study -- 1.4.4 Credit Exchange Agreement with UNU -- 1.4.5 Other Elective Courses and Supporting Programs -- 1.5 Achievements and Future Challenges -- 1.5.1 Curriculum Development -- 1.5.2 Institutional Set-up -- 1.5.3 Institutionalizing Collaborative Educational Activities -- 1.5.4 iMES -- 1.5.5 Joint Research -- References -- Part I: Sustainable Primary Productionfor Human Well-Being -- Chapter 2: Biodiversity Agriculture Supports Human Populations -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Green Revolution and Organic Farming -- 2.3 Biodiversity, Ecological Functioning, and Ecosystem Services -- 2.4 Soil Sustainability -- 2.5 Soil Biodiversity and Its Functioning -- 2.6 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: Conservation and Sustainable Management of Soil Biodiversity for Agricultural Productivity -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Soil Biodiversity and Its Importance to Agriculture -- 3.3 Loss of Soil Biodiversity -- 3.4 Management and Conservation of Soil Biodiversity: A Case Study in Kenya -- 3.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4: Conservation Tillage Assessment for Mitigating Greenhouse Gas Emission in Rainfed Agro-Ecosystems -- 4.1 Introduction.

13.2.1 Data Processing -- 13.3 Results and Discussion -- 13.3.1 Impacts and Causes of Coastal Erosion -- 13.4 Solutions -- 13.4.1 Marine Erosion -- 13.4.1.1 Groins -- 13.4.2 Subaerial Erosion -- 13.4.3 Wind Erosion -- 13.5 Conclusion -- References -- Part III: Degradation of Environmentand Mitigation -- Chapter 14: Risk Management of Chemical Pollution: Principles from the Japanese Experience -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 How Pollution Loads Were Reduced -- 14.2.1 Air Pollution in Yokkaichi Petrochemical Complex -- 14.2.2 Preventing Water Pollution in the Pulp and Paper Industry -- 14.2.3 Environmental Standards for Toxic Chemical Substances -- 14.2.4 Case of Administrative Guidance Relating to Toxic Chemicals -- 14.3 Conclusion: Lessons from the Japanese Experience -- References -- Chapter 15: Research on the Correlation Between Chlorophyll-a and Organic Matter BOD, COD, Phosphorus, and Total Nitrogen in Stagnant Lake Basins -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Subjects of Study -- 15.2.1 Chlorophyll -- 15.2.2 BOD: Biochemical Oxygen Demand -- 15.2.3 COD: Chemical Oxygen Demand -- 15.2.4 Phosphorus -- 15.2.5 Nitrogen -- 15.3 Research Methodology -- 15.3.1 Determination of Chlorophyll -- 15.3.1.1 Chlorophyll Refining -- 15.3.1.2 Determining the Maximum Absorption of Chl-a -- 15.3.1.3 Building a Chl-a Calibration Curve -- 15.3.2 Determination of BOD 5 -- 15.3.3 Determination of COD -- 15.3.3.1 Building a COD Calibration curve -- 15.3.4 Determination of Phosphate -- 15.4 Results -- 15.4.1 Correlation Between Chl-a and COD -- 15.4.2 Correlation Between Chl-a and BOD -- 15.4.3 Correlation Between Chl-a and Phosphate and Total Nitrogen -- 15.5 Conclusion -- 15.6 Research Orientation -- Chapter 16: Managing Construction Development Risks to the Environment -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Environmental Risks of Construction -- 16.2.1 Risk of Land Degradation.

4.2 Soil, Carbon Dioxide Emission, and Conservation Tillage -- 4.3 Reducing Carbon Dioxide Emission -- 4.3.1 Carbon Dioxide Emission at the Long-Term Plot -- 4.3.2 Cumulative CO 2 Emission at the Long-Term Plot -- 4.3.3 Carbon Dioxide Emission Assessment in Farmers’ Fields -- 4.4 Enhancing Carbon Sequestration -- 4.4.1 Soil Carbon Storage -- 4.4.2 Carbon Sequestration of Corn Crops -- 4.5 Conclusions and Policy Implication -- References -- Chapter 5: Improving Biodiversity in Rice Paddy Fields to Promote Land Sustainability -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Indonesian Experiences: Effects on Soil and Water Biodiversity of Shifting from Conventional to Organic Farming in Paddy Fields -- 5.2.1 Effects on Water Organisms in Paddy Fields -- 5.2.2 Effects on Soil Microorganisms in Paddy Fields -- 5.3 Strategies to Improve Biodiversity in Rice Paddy Fields -- 5.3.1 Application of Organic Matter and Biofertilizers -- 5.3.2 Crop Rotation -- 5.4 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 6: Agroforestry Models for Promoting Effective Risk Management and Building Sustainable Communities -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Agroforestry Adoption, Innovations, and Smallholder Farmers’ Motivations in Claveria, Misamis Oriental -- 6.2.1 Description of the Study Site -- 6.2.2 Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) and Household Survey -- 6.2.3 Drivers of Land Degradation in Claveria -- 6.2.4 Introduction and Adoption of Tree-Based Systems in Claveria -- 6.2.5 Innovative Agroforestry Practices in Claveria -- 6.2.6 Farmers’ Motivations for Planting Trees -- 6.3 Tree Growth, Crop Productivity, and Water and Nutrient Flows in Gmelina arborea - Zea mays Hedgerow Systems in Claveria, Misamis Oriental -- 6.3.1 Water Dynamics in Agroforestry Systems -- 6.3.2 Growth Performance of Trees and Maize.

Chapter 10: Valuation of Non-Marketed Agricultural Ecosystem Services, and Food Security in Southeast Asia -- 10.1 Food Security Issues in Southeast Asia -- 10.2 Need for Valuing Non-Marketed Ecosystem Services -- 10.3 Issues of Valuation and Payment for Non-Marketed Ecosystem Services -- 10.3.1 Revealed Preferences (Conventional and Surrogate Markets) -- 10.3.2 Stated Preferences (Hypothetical Preferences) -- 10.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 11: Emerging Socio-Economic and Environmental Issues Affecting Food Security: A Case Study of Silang-Santa Rosa Subwatershed -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Conceptual Framework -- 11.3 Study Site -- 11.4 Results and Discussion -- 11.4.1 Socio-Demographic Characteristics -- 11.4.2 Labor Resources -- 11.4.3 Household Financial Status -- 11.4.4 Land-Based Productive Resources -- 11.4.5 Emerging Issues -- 11.4.5.1 Incidence of Household Food Insecurity -- The Path to Food Entitlement -- Difficulties in Meeting Household Expenditures -- Sources of Entitlement, Risks in Farm/Fishery Production, and Seasonal Food Insecurity -- Indicators of Food Insecurity and Seasonality of Incidence -- Coping with Food Insecurity -- 11.4.5.2 Declining Agricultural and Fishery Production -- 11.4.5.3 Environmental Risks Currently Affecting Food Security -- 11.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 12: Strengthening the Capacity of Flood-Affected Rural Communities in Padang Terap, State of Kedah, Malaysia -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Theoretical Framework -- 12.3 Case Study -- 12.3.1 Study Area -- 12.3.2 Needs Analysis -- 12.3.2.1 Survey -- 12.3.2.2 Focus Group Discussions -- 12.3.3 Capacity Building Activities -- 12.4 Future Research and Recommendations -- References -- Chapter 13: Mitigating Coastal Erosion in Fort Dauphin, Madagascar -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.1.1 Climate -- 13.1.2 Geology -- 13.2 Methodology.

13.2.1 Data Processing -- 13.3 Results and Discussion -- 13.3.1 Impacts and Causes of Coastal Erosion -- 13.4 Solutions -- 13.4.1 Marine Erosion -- 13.4.1.1 Groins -- 13.4.2 Subaerial Erosion -- 13.4.3 Wind Erosion -- 13.5 Conclusion -- References -- Part III: Degradation of Environmentand Mitigation -- Chapter 14: Risk Management of Chemical Pollution: Principles from the Japanese Experience -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 How Pollution Loads Were Reduced -- 14.2.1 Air Pollution in Yokkaichi Petrochemical Complex -- 14.2.2 Preventing Water Pollution in the Pulp and Paper Industry -- 14.2.3 Environmental Standards for Toxic Chemical Substances -- 14.2.4 Case of Administrative Guidance Relating to Toxic Chemicals -- 14.3 Conclusion: Lessons from the Japanese Experience -- References -- Chapter 15: Research on the Correlation Between Chlorophyll-a and Organic Matter BOD, COD, Phosphorus, and Total Nitrogen in Stagnant Lake Basins -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Subjects of Study -- 15.2.1 Chlorophyll -- 15.2.2 BOD: Biochemical Oxygen Demand -- 15.2.3 COD: Chemical Oxygen Demand -- 15.2.4 Phosphorus -- 15.2.5 Nitrogen -- 15.3 Research Methodology -- 15.3.1 Determination of Chlorophyll -- 15.3.1.1 Chlorophyll Refining -- 15.3.1.2 Determining the Maximum Absorption of Chl-a -- 15.3.1.3 Building a Chl-a Calibration Curve -- 15.3.2 Determination of BOD 5 -- 15.3.3 Determination of COD -- 15.3.3.1 Building a COD Calibration curve -- 15.3.4 Determination of Phosphate -- 15.4 Results -- 15.4.1 Correlation Between Chl-a and COD -- 15.4.2 Correlation Between Chl-a and BOD -- 15.4.3 Correlation Between Chl-a and Phosphate and Total Nitrogen -- 15.5 Conclusion -- 15.6 Research Orientation -- Chapter 16: Managing Construction Development Risks to the Environment -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Environmental Risks of Construction -- 16.2.1 Risk of Land Degradation.

16.2.2 Risk to Flora and Fauna.

6.4 Enhancing the Food Security of Upland Farming Households Through Agroforestry in Claveria, Misamis Oriental, Philippines -- 6.4.1 Agroforestry and Improved Access to Food -- 6.4.2 Increasing Food Access Through Augmentation of Income -- 6.5 Predicting the Long-Term Productivity, Economic Feasibility, and Sustainability of the Smallholder Hedgerow Agroforestry System Using the WaNuLCAS Model -- 6.5.1 Bioeconomic Modeling Using WaNuLCAS -- 6.5.1.1 Tree and Crop Database -- 6.5.1.2 WaNuLCAS Parameterization -- 6.5.2 Water Balance -- 6.5.3 Soil Loss -- 6.5.4 Crop Yield and Biomass -- 6.5.5 Private Benefits of the Two Land Use Systems -- 6.6 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 7: Managing Environmental Risks and Promoting Sustainability: Conservation of Forest Resources in Madagascar -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Theoretical Explanation -- 7.3 Case Study -- 7.3.1 Context -- 7.3.2 Poor Governance and Inequality in Income Distribution -- 7.3.3 More Income, Less Logging -- 7.4 Key Issues and Recommendations -- References -- Chapter 8: Community-Based Mangrove Forest Management in Thailand: Key Lesson Learned for Environmental Risk Management -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 CBNRM and Sustainability: Theoretical Background -- 8.3 Pred Nai Community-Based Mangrove Forest Management -- 8.4 Discussion -- 8.5 Conclusion -- References -- Part II: Ecosystems, Food Security, and Disaster -- Chapter 9: Necessity of Adaptive Risk Management for Fisheries and Wildlife -- 9.1 Is It Really Good for Fisheries to Reduce the Fish Population by Half? -- 9.2 Comparison Between Conventional Management Methods and Adaptive Management Considering Uncertainty -- 9.3 Do Not Make a Single Prediction (Japanese Deer Protection Management Plan) -- 9.4 Investigation for Only One Year Is Not Enough -- 9.5 Explanation of Formulae -- 9.6 Conclusion -- References.

Chapter 10: Valuation of Non-Marketed Agricultural Ecosystem Services, and Food Security in Southeast Asia -- 10.1 Food Security Issues in Southeast Asia -- 10.2 Need for Valuing Non-Marketed Ecosystem Services -- 10.3 Issues of Valuation and Payment for Non-Marketed Ecosystem Services -- 10.3.1 Revealed Preferences (Conventional and Surrogate Markets) -- 10.3.2 Stated Preferences (Hypothetical Preferences) -- 10.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 11: Emerging Socio-Economic and Environmental Issues Affecting Food Security: A Case Study of Silang-Santa Rosa Subwatershed -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Conceptual Framework -- 11.3 Study Site -- 11.4 Results and Discussion -- 11.4.1 Socio-Demographic Characteristics -- 11.4.2 Labor Resources -- 11.4.3 Household Financial Status -- 11.4.4 Land-Based Productive Resources -- 11.4.5 Emerging Issues -- 11.4.5.1 Incidence of Household Food Insecurity -- The Path to Food Entitlement -- Difficulties in Meeting Household Expenditures -- Sources of Entitlement, Risks in Farm/Fishery Production, and Seasonal Food Insecurity -- Indicators of Food Insecurity and Seasonality of Incidence -- Coping with Food Insecurity -- 11.4.5.2 Declining Agricultural and Fishery Production -- 11.4.5.3 Environmental Risks Currently Affecting Food Security -- 11.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 12: Strengthening the Capacity of Flood-Affected Rural Communities in Padang Terap, State of Kedah, Malaysia -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Theoretical Framework -- 12.3 Case Study -- 12.3.1 Study Area -- 12.3.2 Needs Analysis -- 12.3.2.1 Survey -- 12.3.2.2 Focus Group Discussions -- 12.3.3 Capacity Building Activities -- 12.4 Future Research and Recommendations -- References -- Chapter 13: Mitigating Coastal Erosion in Fort Dauphin, Madagascar -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.1.1 Climate -- 13.1.2 Geology -- 13.2 Methodology.

This book details practical technologies for coping with environmental risks in Asia and Africa. It offers solutions to maintain harmony between economic development and environmental preservation..

001895082

express

Contents // 1 Managing Environmental Risks and Promoting Sustainability, // Scientific Advancement, and Leadership Development... 1 // Masanori Kobayashi, Shinji Yoshiura, Takako Sato, and Nobuhiro Kaneko // Part I Sustainable Primary Production for Human Well-Being // 2 Biodiversity Agriculture Supports Human Populations... 19 // Nobuhiro Kaneko // 3 Conservation and Sustainable Management // of Soil Biodiversity for Agricultural Productivity... 27 // Peter Wachira, John Kimenju, Sheila Okoth, and Jane Kiarie // 4 Conservation Tillage Assessment for Mitigating Greenhouse // Gas Emission in Rainfed Agro-Ecosystems... 35 // Muhajir Utomo // 5 Improving Biodiversity in Rice Paddy Fields // to Promote Land Sustainability... 45 // Dermiyati and Ainin Niswati // 6 Agroforestry Models for Promoting Effective Risk // Management and Building Sustainable Communities... 57 // Damasa B. Magcale-Macandog // 7 Managing Environmental Risks and Promoting Sustainability: // Conservation of Forest Resources in Madagascar... 73 // Bruno Ramamonjisoa // 8 Community-Based Mangrove Forest Management in Thailand: Key Lesson Learned for Environmental // Risk Management... 87 // Surin On-prom // xiii // XIV // Contents // Part II Ecosystems, Food Security, and Disaster // 9 Necessity of Adaptive Risk Management // for Fisheries and Wildlife... 99 // Hiroyuki Matsuda // 10 Valuation of Non-Marketed Agricultural Ecosystem Services, // and Food Security in Southeast Asia... 111 // Ryohei Kada // 11 Emerging

Socio-Economic and Environmental Issues Affecting Food Security: A Case Study of Silang-Santa // Rosa Subwatershed... 123 // Roberto F. Ranola Jr., Fe M. Ranola, Maria Francesca O. Tan, and Ma. Cynthia S. Casin // 12 Strengthening the Capacity of Flood-Affected Rural // Communities in Padang Terap, State of Kedah, Malaysia... 137 // Fera Fizani Ahmad Fizri, Asyirah Abdul Rahim, Suzyrman Sibly, // Kanayathu C. Koshy, and Norizan Md Nor // 13 Mitigating Coastal Erosion in Fort Dauphin, Madagascar... 147 // Jean-Jacques Rahobisoa, Voahangy Rambolamanana Ratrimo, and Alfred Ranaivoarisoa // Part III Degradation of Environment and Mitigation // 14 Risk Management of Chemical Pollution: Principles // from the Japanese Experience... 167 // Shigeki Masunaga // 15 Research on the Correlation Between Chlorophyll-a and Organic Matter BOD, COD, Phosphorus, // and Total Nitrogen in Stagnant Lake Basins... 177 // Song Toan Pham Phu // 16 Managing Construction Development Risks to the Environment.. 193 // Nik Nomlaini Nik Ab Rahman and Norizan Esa // 17 Ecosystem Restoration Using the Near-Natural // Method in Shanghai... 203 // Liang Jun Da and Xue Yan Guo // 18 Sustainable Management of Urban Green Environments: // Challenges and Opportunities... 223 // Samuel Kiboi, Kazue Fujiwara, and Patrick Mutiso // Contents // XV // Part IV Policy, Institutional and Capacity Development, Education and IME System // 19 Participatory Sustainability Research for Risk Management // and Leadership Development...

239 // Masanori Kobayashi // 20 Rural Landscape Conservation in Japan: Lessons from the Satoyama Conservation Program // in Kanagawa Prefecture... 253 // Osamu Koike // 21 Enhancing Students’ Ecological Thinking // to Improve Understanding of Environmental Risk... 265 // Norizan Esa, Hashimah Yunus, Nooraida Yakob, // Mahamad Hakimi Ibrahim, and Mardiana Idayu Ahmad // 22 Development of Interactive Multimedia Education // System (IMES) as an International Education Platform... 273 // Hiroshi Arisawa and Takako Sato // Index... 285

(Au-PeEL)EBL6422650

(MiAaPQ)EBC6422650

(OCoLC)874922131