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EB

ONLINE

Cham : Springer International Publishing AG, 2021

1 online resource (201 pages)

ISBN 9783030698232 (electronic bk.)

ISBN 9783030698225

Language, Cognition, and Mind Ser. ; v.9

Print version: Bechberger, Lucas Concepts in Action Cham : Springer International Publishing AG,c2021 ISBN 9783030698225

Intro -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Contributors -- Concepts in Action: Introduction -- 1 Research Questions -- 1.1 Representation: How Can We Formally Describe and Model Concepts? -- 1.2 Learning: Where Do Concepts Come from and How Are They Acquired? -- 1.3 Application: How Are Concepts Used in Cognitive Tasks? -- 2 Summaries of the Contributed Chapters -- References -- Generalizing Psychological Similarity Spaces to Unseen Stimuli -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Multidimensional Scaling -- 2.1 Obtaining Dissimilarity Ratings -- 2.2 The Algorithms -- 3 Extracting Similarity Spaces from the NOUN Data Set -- 3.1 Evaluation Metrics -- 3.2 Methods -- 3.3 Results -- 4 A Hybrid Approach -- 4.1 Our Proposal -- 4.2 Related Work -- 5 Machine Learning Experiments -- 5.1 Methods -- 5.2 Experiment 1: Comparing Feature Spaces and Regressors -- 5.3 Experiment 2: Comparing MDS Algorithms -- 5.4 Experiment 3: Comparing Target Spaces of Different Size -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- Theories of Meaning for the Internet of Things -- 1 Why Traditional Knowledge Representation Is Insufficient -- 1.1 Problem Statement and Methodology -- 1.2 Existing Solutions in Philosophy -- 1.3 Existing Solutions in Computer Science and Logic -- 2 Motivating Scenario -- 3 Applying Theories of Meaning to the Internet of Things -- 3.1 Model-Theoretic Semantics for the Internet of Things -- 3.2 Possible World Semantics for the Internet of Things -- 3.3 Situation Semantics for the Internet of Things -- 3.4 Cognitive and Distributional Semantics for the Internet of Things -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- A Qualitative Similarity Framework for the Interpretation of Natural Language Similarity Expressions -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Representations in Multi-dimensional Attribute Spaces -- 2.1 Domains and Representations -- 2.2 Representations and Classifier Systems.

2 The Semantic Representation of Action Verbs in the IMAGACT Ontology -- 2.1 The Internal Structure of the IMAGACT Ontology -- 2.2 The Primary Variation of Action Verbs -- 2.3 The Representation of the Marked Variation of Action Verbs -- 3 Body, Metaphors, and Metaphorical Projections of Image Schemas -- 3.1 The Embodied Paradigm -- 3.2 Conceptual Metaphor Theory -- 3.3 Image Schema Theory -- 4 Data and Methods -- 5 Description of the Primary Variation of the Four Action Verbs -- 5.1 The Primary Variation of the Verbs Premere and Spingere -- 5.2 The Primary Variation of Tirare and Trascinare -- 6 Description of the Marked Variation of the Four Action Verbs -- 6.1 The Marked Variation of the Verbs Premere and Spingere -- 6.2 The Marked Variation of the Verbs Tirare and Trascinare -- 7 Discussion of the Results -- 8 Conclusions -- References.

2 The Semantic Representation of Action Verbs in the IMAGACT Ontology -- 2.1 The Internal Structure of the IMAGACT Ontology -- 2.2 The Primary Variation of Action Verbs -- 2.3 The Representation of the Marked Variation of Action Verbs -- 3 Body, Metaphors, and Metaphorical Projections of Image Schemas -- 3.1 The Embodied Paradigm -- 3.2 Conceptual Metaphor Theory -- 3.3 Image Schema Theory -- 4 Data and Methods -- 5 Description of the Primary Variation of the Four Action Verbs -- 5.1 The Primary Variation of the Verbs Premere and Spingere -- 5.2 The Primary Variation of Tirare and Trascinare -- 6 Description of the Marked Variation of the Four Action Verbs -- 6.1 The Marked Variation of the Verbs Premere and Spingere -- 6.2 The Marked Variation of the Verbs Tirare and Trascinare -- 7 Discussion of the Results -- 8 Conclusions -- References.

3 Similarity Expressions in Natural Language -- 3.1 Similarity Demonstratives -- 3.2 Ad-Hoc Kinds -- 3.3 Equative Comparison -- 3.4 ’Exactly’ Versus ’At-Least’ Reading -- 3.5 Gradability -- 4 Indiscernability -- 4.1 (A)symmetry of Similarity -- 4.2 ’Exacly’ Reading Versus ’At-Least’ Reading -- 5 Granularity of Representations and Gradability of Similarity -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Numerical Concepts in Context -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Theoretical Background -- 2.1 Number: Round Versus Non-round -- 2.2 Approximator: Approximate Versus Exact -- 2.3 Unit: Discrete Versus Continuous -- 2.4 Summary -- 3 Corpus Study -- 3.1 Hypotheses -- 3.2 Methods -- 3.3 Results and Interpretation -- 4 Psycholinguistic Experiment -- 4.1 Materials and Predictions -- 4.2 Procedure and Participants -- 4.3 Data Analysis and Results -- 5 Discussion and Conclusion -- 5.1 Numbers and Number Concepts -- 5.2 Contributions and Outlooks of the Current Study -- Appendix: Test Items of the Experiment (I./C. For Item/Condition) -- References -- Evaluating Semantic Co-creation by Using a Marker as a Linguistic Constraint Tool in Shared Cognitive Representation Models -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Contribution Model of Conversation -- 3 The Influence of Linguistic Constraint Tools on Reaching the Grounding Criterion -- 4 Using a Marker in Shared Cognitive Representation Models as a Linguistic Constraint Tool -- 5 Setup -- 6 Methods -- 6.1 Participants -- 6.2 Apparatus and Stimuli -- 6.3 Procedure -- 6.4 Design -- 7 Results -- 8 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- Does the Activation of Motor Information Affect Semantic Processing? -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Method -- 2.1 Materials -- 3 Participants -- 4 Apparatus -- 5 Design and Procedure -- 6 Results -- 7 Discussion -- Appendix -- References -- Grounding Abstract Concepts in Action -- 1 Introduction.

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(Au-PeEL)EBL6689311

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(OCoLC)1313891886