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Cham : Springer International Publishing AG, 2022

1 online resource (294 pages)

ISBN 9783030928803 (electronic bk.)

ISBN 9783030928797

Print version: Vaupel, Peter Water-Filtered Infrared a (wIRA) Irradiation Cham : Springer International Publishing AG,c2022 ISBN 9783030928797

3.3 Optical Effects of Interaction Between wIRA and Tissues.

2.3 The Generation of Absorption Lines and Bands (Water Bands) in the Terrestrial Spectrum, Interaction Between Water Molecules, and Electromagnetic Radiation (Photons) -- 2.3.1 Structure of the Water Molecule and Hydrogen Bonding -- 2.3.2 Vibrations of the Water Molecule -- 2.3.2.1 Fundamental Vibrations -- 2.3.2.2 Combination Vibrations -- 2.3.2.3 Rotations -- 2.4 Generating Therapeutic wIRA -- 2.5 Comparison Between Therapeutic wIRA and the Terrestrial Solar Spectrum -- 2.6 The wIRA Radiator -- 2.6.1 Characteristics of Therapeutically Applied wIRA Irradiation -- 2.6.1.1 Setting the Desired Irradiance -- 2.6.1.2 Homogeneity of wIRA -- 2.6.1.3 Combination of Two wIRA Radiators -- 2.7 Conclusions -- References -- 3: Physical and Photobiological Basics of wIRA-Hyperthermia -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 wIRA: Infrared Radiation That Fits into the Optical Window of Tissues ---

3.3 Optical Effects of Interaction Between wIRA and Tissues.

Intro -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Editor and Contributors -- About the Editor -- Contributors -- Part I: Principles -- 1: Glossary Used in wIRA-Hyperthermia -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Recommended Terms -- 1.3 Occasionally Used, Obsolete, and Non-Recommended Terms -- 1.4 Empirical and Basic Data for wIRA Skin Exposures in Radiation Oncology and in Physical Therapy [8, 10-13] -- 1.4.1 Main Characteristics -- 1.4.2 Heating-up Times Necessary to Reach Thermal Steady-State Temperatures During wIRA-Hyperthermia in Normal Tissues [13] -- 1.4.3 Mean Steady-State Temperatures During wIRA-Hyperthermia in Normal Tissues and Human Cancers [11-13] -- References -- 2: From Sun to Therapeutic wIRA -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Generation of the Electromagnetic Radiation in the Sun -- 2.2.1 The Extra-Terrestrial Solar Spectrum -- 2.2.2 The Terrestrial Solar Spectrum ---

10.5.1 Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) in Normal and Tumor Cells -- 10.5.2 Role of HSPs in NK and T-Cell-Mediated Immunity -- 10.6 Conclusion -- References -- Part III: Clinical Practice: Psychiatry -- 11: Whole-Body Hyperthermia (WBH): Historical Aspects, Current Use, and Future Perspectives -- 11.1 History of Whole-Body Hyperthermia (WBH) -- 11.2 Three Levels of Whole-Body Irradiation (WBH) -- 11.3 Practical Implementation, Mechanisms of Action, Indications -- 11.3.1 Mild WBH -- 11.3.2 Fever-Range Whole-Body Hyperthermia (FRWBH) -- 11.3.3 Extreme Whole-Body Hyperthermia (WBH) -- 11.4 Contrary Effects of WBH on Blood Flow of Inner Organs and Body Periphery -- 11.5 Currently Applied WBH Techniques -- 11.6 Contraindications and Side Effects -- 11.7 Conclusion and Outlook -- References -- 12: Whole-Body Hyperthermia (WBH) in Psychiatry -- 12.1 Hyperthermia, Fever, and Mental Health ---

14.3 Basic Concepts and Mode of Action of wIRA -- 14.4 Clinical Application Aspects -- 14.5 wIRA for the Treatment of Acute and Chronic Wounds -- 14.5.1 Acute Wounds -- 14.5.1.1 Acute Abdominal Surgical Wounds -- 14.5.1.2 Burn Wounds -- 14.5.1.3 Experimental Wounds -- 14.5.1.4 Other Aspects and Perspectives in Acute Wounds -- 14.5.2 Chronic Wounds -- 14.5.2.1 Chronic Venous Stasis Leg Ulcers -- 14.5.2.2 Other Indications -- 14.5.3 Variable Irradiations Used in Different Studies -- 14.5.4 Conclusions and Perspectives -- References -- 15: Clinical Application of wIRA Irradiation in Burn Wounds -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Pathophysiology of Thermal Injuries -- 15.2.1 First-Degree Burns -- 15.2.2 Second-Degree Burns -- 15.2.3 Third-Degree Burns -- 15.3 wIRA Irradiation in Thermal Injuries -- 15.3.1 Effects of wIRA Irradiation on the Skin ---

4.2.2 Derivation of the Basic Equation for Temperature Measurement -- 4.2.3 Determining the Emissivity of Human Skin -- 4.2.3.1 Reference Temperature -- 4.2.3.2 Reference Emissivity -- 4.2.3.3 The Use of a Black Body to Measure Skin Temperature -- 4.3 The Thermographic Camera (Syn.: Infrared Camera, Thermal Imaging Camera, Thermal Imager) -- 4.3.1 Basic Mode of Operation -- 4.3.2 Performance Criteria -- 4.3.2.1 The Spectral Region -- 4.3.2.2 Thermal Resolution, Relative and Absolute Accuracy -- 4.3.2.3 Geometric Resolution (Syn.: Optical Resolution, Spatial Resolution) -- 4.4 Pyrometer (IR Thermometer): Basic Mode of Operation -- 4.5 Special Situations -- 4.5.1 Curved Surfaces -- 4.5.2 Optional Interventions During wIRA-HT -- 4.6 Use of Thermographic Cameras for Temperature Measurements on Phantoms ---

6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Patients and Treatments -- 6.2.1 Basic Characteristics of the Patients -- 6.2.2 Treatment Schedule -- 6.3 Results -- 6.3.1 Tumor Response and Toxicity -- 6.3.2 Local Control and Re-Recurrence -- 6.4 Conclusion and Outlook -- References -- 7: Combined Use of wIRA and Microwave or Radiofrequency Hyperthermia -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Available Equipment for Different Tumor Depths -- 7.3 Temperature Control and Thermometry -- 7.4 Treatment Schedules -- 7.5 Clinical Application of wIRA Combined with Other Hyperthermia Devices -- 7.6 Conclusions -- References -- 8: Whole-Body Hyperthermia in Oncology: Renaissance in the Immunotherapy Era? -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Techniques for Whole-Body Hyperthermia (WBH) -- 8.3 Effects of Fever-Range WBH -- 8.3.1 Effects on the Tumor Microenvironment (TME) -- 8.3.2 Effects on the Immune System ---

12.4 Current Research -- 12.4.1 Patients and Methods -- 12.4.2 Preliminary Results and Clinical Experience -- 12.5 Outlook to Future Research -- References -- Part IV: Clinical Practice: Neonatology -- 13: Mode of Action, Efficacy, and Safety of Radiant Warmers in Neonatology -- 13.1 Risk of Hypothermia in Term and Preterm Neonates -- 13.1.1 Methods of Thermal Care in Neonatology -- 13.1.2 Aim of the Studies Reported -- 13.2 Materials and Methods -- 13.2.1 Physical Investigations -- 13.2.2 Clinical Observations -- 13.3 Results and Discussion -- 13.3.1 Physical Investigations -- 13.3.2 Clinical Observations -- 13.4 Current Practice and Unresolved Issues -- 13.5 Summary and Conclusions -- References -- Part V: Clinical Practice: Dermatology -- 14: Water-Filtered Infrared A Irradiation in Wound Treatment -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Historical Notes ---

3.3.1 Spectral Transmittance and Remittance of wIRA (In vivo Data) -- 3.3.2 Penetration of wIRA into Tissues -- 3.4 Thermal Field Formation in Superficial Tissues During wIRA-Hyperthermia -- 3.4.1 Individual Responses to wIRA-Skin Exposures -- 3.4.2 Effects of Irradiance, Exposure Time, and Thermoregulation Upon Heating -- 3.4.3 Effective Tissue Heating by Direct wIRA Absorption and Heat Conduction -- 3.4.4 Vertical Temperature Profiles After Achieving Thermal Steady States -- 3.4.5 Choice of Irradiance for Adequate wIRA-Hyperthermia in Oncology -- 3.4.6 Post-Heating Temperature Decay Times to Ensure Effective Hyperthermia Levels During Subsequent Radiotherapy -- 3.5 Conclusions -- References -- 4: Thermography and Thermometry in wIRA-Hyperthermia -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Physical Background of Contact-Free Temperature Measurements -- 4.2.1 Basic Laws and Parameters ---

8.4 Conclusions -- References -- 9: Gold Nanoparticles and Infrared Heating: Use of wIRA Irradiation -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.1.1 Construct I -- 9.1.2 Construct II -- 9.1.3 Construct III -- 9.2 Treatments and Results -- 9.3 Conclusion -- References -- 10: Mild Hyperthermia Induced by Water-Filtered Infrared A Irradiation: A Potent Strategy to Foster Immune Recognition and Anti-Tumor Immune Responses in Superficial Cancers? -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Mild Hyperthermia Can Enhance the Delivery of Blood-Borne Anti-Tumor Immunity -- 10.3 Mild Hyperthermia Can Attenuate Tumor Hypoxia, a Potent Suppressor of Anti-Tumor Immune Reactions -- 10.4 Metabolic Reprogramming Impacts Anti-Tumor Immune Responses: Role of Mild Hyperthermia? -- 10.5 Mild Hyperthermia Augments the Synthesis of Heat ­Shock Proteins (HSPs) and Increases Tumor Antigenicity ---

10.5.1 Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) in Normal and Tumor Cells -- 10.5.2 Role of HSPs in NK and T-Cell-Mediated Immunity -- 10.6 Conclusion -- References -- Part III: Clinical Practice: Psychiatry -- 11: Whole-Body Hyperthermia (WBH): Historical Aspects, Current Use, and Future Perspectives -- 11.1 History of Whole-Body Hyperthermia (WBH) -- 11.2 Three Levels of Whole-Body Irradiation (WBH) -- 11.3 Practical Implementation, Mechanisms of Action, Indications -- 11.3.1 Mild WBH -- 11.3.2 Fever-Range Whole-Body Hyperthermia (FRWBH) -- 11.3.3 Extreme Whole-Body Hyperthermia (WBH) -- 11.4 Contrary Effects of WBH on Blood Flow of Inner Organs and Body Periphery -- 11.5 Currently Applied WBH Techniques -- 11.6 Contraindications and Side Effects -- 11.7 Conclusion and Outlook -- References -- 12: Whole-Body Hyperthermia (WBH) in Psychiatry -- 12.1 Hyperthermia, Fever, and Mental Health ---

12.2 Whole-Body Hyperthermia (WBH) for Psychiatric Symptoms -- 12.3 Mechanisms of Action of WBH.

14.3 Basic Concepts and Mode of Action of wIRA -- 14.4 Clinical Application Aspects -- 14.5 wIRA for the Treatment of Acute and Chronic Wounds -- 14.5.1 Acute Wounds -- 14.5.1.1 Acute Abdominal Surgical Wounds -- 14.5.1.2 Burn Wounds -- 14.5.1.3 Experimental Wounds -- 14.5.1.4 Other Aspects and Perspectives in Acute Wounds -- 14.5.2 Chronic Wounds -- 14.5.2.1 Chronic Venous Stasis Leg Ulcers -- 14.5.2.2 Other Indications -- 14.5.3 Variable Irradiations Used in Different Studies -- 14.5.4 Conclusions and Perspectives -- References -- 15: Clinical Application of wIRA Irradiation in Burn Wounds -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Pathophysiology of Thermal Injuries -- 15.2.1 First-Degree Burns -- 15.2.2 Second-Degree Burns -- 15.2.3 Third-Degree Burns -- 15.3 wIRA Irradiation in Thermal Injuries -- 15.3.1 Effects of wIRA Irradiation on the Skin ---

15.3.2 wIRA Application in Thermal Wounds -- 15.4 Outlook to Further Research -- References.

4.2.2 Derivation of the Basic Equation for Temperature Measurement -- 4.2.3 Determining the Emissivity of Human Skin -- 4.2.3.1 Reference Temperature -- 4.2.3.2 Reference Emissivity -- 4.2.3.3 The Use of a Black Body to Measure Skin Temperature -- 4.3 The Thermographic Camera (Syn.: Infrared Camera, Thermal Imaging Camera, Thermal Imager) -- 4.3.1 Basic Mode of Operation -- 4.3.2 Performance Criteria -- 4.3.2.1 The Spectral Region -- 4.3.2.2 Thermal Resolution, Relative and Absolute Accuracy -- 4.3.2.3 Geometric Resolution (Syn.: Optical Resolution, Spatial Resolution) -- 4.4 Pyrometer (IR Thermometer): Basic Mode of Operation -- 4.5 Special Situations -- 4.5.1 Curved Surfaces -- 4.5.2 Optional Interventions During wIRA-HT -- 4.6 Use of Thermographic Cameras for Temperature Measurements on Phantoms ---

4.7 Relationship Between Temperatures Assessed at the Skin Surface and in Deeper Tissue Layers -- 4.8 Conclusions -- References.

6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Patients and Treatments -- 6.2.1 Basic Characteristics of the Patients -- 6.2.2 Treatment Schedule -- 6.3 Results -- 6.3.1 Tumor Response and Toxicity -- 6.3.2 Local Control and Re-Recurrence -- 6.4 Conclusion and Outlook -- References -- 7: Combined Use of wIRA and Microwave or Radiofrequency Hyperthermia -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Available Equipment for Different Tumor Depths -- 7.3 Temperature Control and Thermometry -- 7.4 Treatment Schedules -- 7.5 Clinical Application of wIRA Combined with Other Hyperthermia Devices -- 7.6 Conclusions -- References -- 8: Whole-Body Hyperthermia in Oncology: Renaissance in the Immunotherapy Era? -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Techniques for Whole-Body Hyperthermia (WBH) -- 8.3 Effects of Fever-Range WBH -- 8.3.1 Effects on the Tumor Microenvironment (TME) -- 8.3.2 Effects on the Immune System ---

8.3.3 Psychoneurological Effects -- 8.3.4 Other Effects Possibly Relevant in Oncology.

12.4 Current Research -- 12.4.1 Patients and Methods -- 12.4.2 Preliminary Results and Clinical Experience -- 12.5 Outlook to Future Research -- References -- Part IV: Clinical Practice: Neonatology -- 13: Mode of Action, Efficacy, and Safety of Radiant Warmers in Neonatology -- 13.1 Risk of Hypothermia in Term and Preterm Neonates -- 13.1.1 Methods of Thermal Care in Neonatology -- 13.1.2 Aim of the Studies Reported -- 13.2 Materials and Methods -- 13.2.1 Physical Investigations -- 13.2.2 Clinical Observations -- 13.3 Results and Discussion -- 13.3.1 Physical Investigations -- 13.3.2 Clinical Observations -- 13.4 Current Practice and Unresolved Issues -- 13.5 Summary and Conclusions -- References -- Part V: Clinical Practice: Dermatology -- 14: Water-Filtered Infrared A Irradiation in Wound Treatment -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Historical Notes ---

16: Influence of wIRA Irradiation on Wound Healing: Focus on the Dermis.

3.3.1 Spectral Transmittance and Remittance of wIRA (In vivo Data) -- 3.3.2 Penetration of wIRA into Tissues -- 3.4 Thermal Field Formation in Superficial Tissues During wIRA-Hyperthermia -- 3.4.1 Individual Responses to wIRA-Skin Exposures -- 3.4.2 Effects of Irradiance, Exposure Time, and Thermoregulation Upon Heating -- 3.4.3 Effective Tissue Heating by Direct wIRA Absorption and Heat Conduction -- 3.4.4 Vertical Temperature Profiles After Achieving Thermal Steady States -- 3.4.5 Choice of Irradiance for Adequate wIRA-Hyperthermia in Oncology -- 3.4.6 Post-Heating Temperature Decay Times to Ensure Effective Hyperthermia Levels During Subsequent Radiotherapy -- 3.5 Conclusions -- References -- 4: Thermography and Thermometry in wIRA-Hyperthermia -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Physical Background of Contact-Free Temperature Measurements -- 4.2.1 Basic Laws and Parameters ---

5: Temperature Profiles and Oxygenation Status in Human Skin and Subcutis Upon Thermography-Controlled wIRA-Hyperthermia -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Materials and Methods -- 5.2.1 Delivery of wIRA-Hyperthermia -- 5.2.2 Noninvasive Monitoring of Skin Surface Temperatures (Thermography) -- 5.2.3 Minimally Invasive Measurement of Skin and Subcutis Temperatures (Thermometry) -- 5.2.4 Assessment of the Tissue Oxygenation Status -- 5.3 Results and Discussion -- 5.3.1 Temperature Profiles -- 5.3.2 Tissue Oxygenation -- 5.3.2.1 Oxyhemoglobin Saturations Assessed by Hyperspectral Imaging -- 5.3.2.2 Assessment of Tissue pO2 Values -- 5.4 Summary and Outlook -- References -- Part II: Clinical Practice: Oncology -- 6: Thermography-Controlled, Contact-Free wIRA-Hyperthermia Combined with Hypofractionated Radiotherapy for Large-Sized Lesions of Unresectable, Locally Recurrent Breast Cancer ---

8.4 Conclusions -- References -- 9: Gold Nanoparticles and Infrared Heating: Use of wIRA Irradiation -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.1.1 Construct I -- 9.1.2 Construct II -- 9.1.3 Construct III -- 9.2 Treatments and Results -- 9.3 Conclusion -- References -- 10: Mild Hyperthermia Induced by Water-Filtered Infrared A Irradiation: A Potent Strategy to Foster Immune Recognition and Anti-Tumor Immune Responses in Superficial Cancers? -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Mild Hyperthermia Can Enhance the Delivery of Blood-Borne Anti-Tumor Immunity -- 10.3 Mild Hyperthermia Can Attenuate Tumor Hypoxia, a Potent Suppressor of Anti-Tumor Immune Reactions -- 10.4 Metabolic Reprogramming Impacts Anti-Tumor Immune Responses: Role of Mild Hyperthermia? -- 10.5 Mild Hyperthermia Augments the Synthesis of Heat ­Shock Proteins (HSPs) and Increases Tumor Antigenicity ---

001896957

express

(Au-PeEL)EBL6976277

(MiAaPQ)EBC6976277

(OCoLC)1315752164