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Cham : Springer International Publishing AG, 2021

1 online resource (158 pages)

ISBN 9783030748869 (electronic bk.)

ISBN 9783030748852

SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology Ser.

Print version: Rosa, Paolo New Business Models for the Reuse of Secondary Resources from WEEEs Cham : Springer International Publishing AG,c2021 ISBN 9783030748852

4.3.3 Cobot State and Trajectory Planning Real Time Visualization Tool -- 4.3.4 Operator-Oriented Manual Control Interface -- 4.3.5 Real Time Process Data Gathering Tool.

3.3.2 CPA Phase 2-Inventory Analysis and Resource Flows Decomposition -- 3.3.3 CPA Phase 3-Weights and Indexes Calculation -- 3.3.4 CPA Phase 4-Circularity Indexes Calculation -- 3.4 Conclusions -- References -- 4 Semi-automated PCB Disassembly Station -- 4.1 State of the Art on WEEE Disassembly Processes -- 4.1.1 Cobots and Disassembly Processes -- 4.1.2 Cobots and WEEE Disassembly Processes -- 4.1.3 Cobots and PCB Disassembly Processes -- 4.2 The Semi-automated PCB Disassembly Station at POLIMI’s Industry 4.0 Lab -- 4.2.1 Structure of the PCB Disassembly Station -- 4.2.2 The PCB Disassembly Process in Detail -- 4.2.3 Front/Back PCB Disassembly Process Setup -- 4.2.4 Front/back PCB Desoldering Process -- 4.3 ROS-Based Control Architecture Setup -- 4.3.1 Low-Level Real Time Controller -- 4.3.2 High-Level Task and Safety Management Controller ---

4.3.3 Cobot State and Trajectory Planning Real Time Visualization Tool -- 4.3.4 Operator-Oriented Manual Control Interface -- 4.3.5 Real Time Process Data Gathering Tool.

Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Circular Economy -- 1.2 Industry 4.0 -- 1.3 Product-Service Systems -- 1.4 The FENIX Project -- References -- 2 Circular Business Models Identification -- 2.1 Current State of the Art on CBMs and Their Classification Methods -- 2.2 Current State of the Art on Industrial Benefits Related with CBMs -- 2.3 Identification of the FENIX Industrial Benefits -- 2.4 Identification of the FENIX CBMs -- 2.5 Implementation of the FENIX CBM Assessment Matrixes -- 2.6 Conclusions -- References -- 3 Circular Economy Performance Assessment -- 3.1 State of the Art on Circular Economy Performance Assessment Methods -- 3.2 The Circular Economy Performance Assessment Methodology -- 3.3 Circularity Product Assessment (CPA) Methodology -- 3.3.1 CPA Phase 1-Objectives Definition and Settings ---

4.3.6 Desk Web Interface -- 4.3.7 FRANKA Control Interface -- 4.4 Application and Results -- 4.4.1 Manual Desoldering Tests -- 4.4.2 Cobot-Assisted Desoldering Tests -- 4.4.3 Data Gathering from Cobot-Assisted Desoldering Tests -- 4.5 Conclusions -- References -- 5 A Mobile Pilot Plant for the Recovery of Precious and Critical Raw Materials -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Pilot Plant Design and Description by Process Performing -- 5.2.1 GOLD REC 1 Process Description -- 5.2.2 GOLD REC 2 Process Description -- 5.3 Conclusion -- References -- 6 An Innovative (DIW-Based) Additive Manufacturing Process -- 6.1 Direct Ink Writing -- 6.1.1 DIW Technology Introduction -- 6.1.2 Ink Process Generation for DIW Technology -- 6.1.3 Printable DIW Parts Design Criteria -- 6.2 Whys of DIW -- 6.3 FENIX’s DIW Machine -- 6.3.1 Machine Parts -- 6.3.2 Printing Process with FENIX Machine -- 6.3.3 First Test Validation -- 6.3.4 Sintering Process Parameters -- 6.4 Technology’s Viability -- 6.4.1 Applications in the Industry -- 6.4.2 Applications in the Industry -- 6.5 Conclusions -- Reference -- 7 The Life Cycle Performance Assessment (LCPA) Methodology -- 7.1 Sustainable Business Models -- 7.2 Electrical and Electronic Waste Market -- 7.3 Life Cycle Performance Assessment (LCPA) for FENIX -- 7.4 Assessment of FENIX Implementations -- 7.5 LCA Assessment of the FENIX Processes and Use Cases -- 7.6 Conclusions -- References -- 8 A Decision-Support System for the Digitization of Circular Supply Chains -- 8.1 Extracted Materials Quality Prediction -- 8.2 Rules Extraction -- 8.3 Time Series Forecasting -- 8.4 Materials Classification -- 8.5 Conclusions -- References -- 9 User Participation and Social Integration Through ICT Technologies -- 9.1 Customer Engagement Strategies -- 9.2 FENIX Digital Ecosystem and Provided Incentives -- 9.2.1 Social Benefits.

4.3.6 Desk Web Interface -- 4.3.7 FRANKA Control Interface -- 4.4 Application and Results -- 4.4.1 Manual Desoldering Tests -- 4.4.2 Cobot-Assisted Desoldering Tests -- 4.4.3 Data Gathering from Cobot-Assisted Desoldering Tests -- 4.5 Conclusions -- References -- 5 A Mobile Pilot Plant for the Recovery of Precious and Critical Raw Materials -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Pilot Plant Design and Description by Process Performing -- 5.2.1 GOLD REC 1 Process Description -- 5.2.2 GOLD REC 2 Process Description -- 5.3 Conclusion -- References -- 6 An Innovative (DIW-Based) Additive Manufacturing Process -- 6.1 Direct Ink Writing -- 6.1.1 DIW Technology Introduction -- 6.1.2 Ink Process Generation for DIW Technology -- 6.1.3 Printable DIW Parts Design Criteria -- 6.2 Whys of DIW -- 6.3 FENIX’s DIW Machine -- 6.3.1 Machine Parts -- 6.3.2 Printing Process with FENIX Machine -- 6.3.3 First Test Validation -- 6.3.4 Sintering Process Parameters -- 6.4 Technology’s Viability -- 6.4.1 Applications in the Industry -- 6.4.2 Applications in the Industry -- 6.5 Conclusions -- Reference -- 7 The Life Cycle Performance Assessment (LCPA) Methodology -- 7.1 Sustainable Business Models -- 7.2 Electrical and Electronic Waste Market -- 7.3 Life Cycle Performance Assessment (LCPA) for FENIX -- 7.4 Assessment of FENIX Implementations -- 7.5 LCA Assessment of the FENIX Processes and Use Cases -- 7.6 Conclusions -- References -- 8 A Decision-Support System for the Digitization of Circular Supply Chains -- 8.1 Extracted Materials Quality Prediction -- 8.2 Rules Extraction -- 8.3 Time Series Forecasting -- 8.4 Materials Classification -- 8.5 Conclusions -- References -- 9 User Participation and Social Integration Through ICT Technologies -- 9.1 Customer Engagement Strategies -- 9.2 FENIX Digital Ecosystem and Provided Incentives -- 9.2.1 Social Benefits.

9.2.2 Entertainment Benefits -- 9.2.3 Economic Benefits -- 9.3 FENIX Crowdsourcing System -- 9.3.1 Role of Human Users -- 9.3.2 Crowdvoting System -- 9.4 FENIX Pre-identified Goals and Link to Developed Mechanisms -- 9.5 The Digital Marketplace -- 9.5.1 Forum -- 9.5.2 The Main Marketplace -- 9.5.3 Showroom -- 9.5.4 Customer’s Generated Content -- 9.5.5 Open Innovation Platform -- 9.5.6 Other Horizontally Applied Functions -- 9.6 Conclusions -- References -- 10 Recycling and Upcycling: FENIX Validation on Three Use Cases -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Albus, the Data Repository of FENIX -- 10.3 Collection and Dismantling, the Conventional Approach -- 10.4 Semi-Automated Disassembly, an Innovative Approach -- 10.5 Use Case 1: Green Metal Powders for Additive Manufacturing -- 10.6 Use Case 2: 3D Printed Jewels -- 10.6.1 Description of the Involved Plants in UC2 -- 10.6.2 Metal Recovery -- 10.6.3 3D Scanning -- 10.6.4 Wax Printing and Lost-Wax Casting -- 10.7 Use Case 3: Advanced Filaments -- 10.7.1 Granulation, Compounding and Extrusion -- 10.7.2 Printing of the Metal/polymer Filaments Developed from Recycled WEEE -- 10.7.3 Debinding and Sintering of the Final Metal Part -- 10.8 Conclusions -- 10.8.1 Use Case 1 Conclusions -- 10.8.2 Use Case 2 Conclusions -- 10.8.3 Use Case 3 Conclusions.

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