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EB

ONLINE

Leiden, The Netherlands : Brill, 2015

1 online resource (379 pages)

ISBN 9789004281073 (electronic bk.)

ISBN 9789004281066

International Studies in Human Rights, ISSN 0924-4751 ; Volume 110

Print version: Modern slavery : a comparative study of the definition of trafficking in persons. Leiden, The Netherlands : Brill, c2015 ix, 369 pages International studies in human rights ; Volume 110. ISBN 9789004281066

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List of Abbreviations x // 1 Introduction і // Introduction і // Purpose and Research Questions 3 // Harmonization of Criminal Law within the Context of Human Trafficking 5 // Approaches to the Study and Conceptualization of Human Trafficking Outline 16 // 2 Theory and Methodology 18 // Introduction 18 // Reasons for Choosing the Case Studies 18 Methodological Difficulties 23 Legal Transplants 25 Introduction 25 Legal Transplants in Context 30 Importance of Language 36 // 3 Human Trafficking as a Social Practice 42 Introduction 42 // Trafficking: An Overview 42 // Trafficking in Human Beings after the Demise of Communism 43 Push and Pull Factors 44 Trafficking from Various Perspectives 50 Trafficking from a Migration Perspective 50 Trafficking from a Gender Perspective 51 // Trafficking as a Result of Poverty, Development, and Education 53 Trafficking as a Security Issue 54 Trafficking as a Health Issue 55 Trafficking as a Human Rights Issue 56 // 4 The Role of the Palermo Documents 61 // UN Trafficking Documents: Overview 61 // Anti-Trafficking Efforts of the UN - A Historical Background 63 Palermo Convention on Organized Crime 68 Palermo Protocol - The Negotiation Process 73 // Introduction 73 // The Palermo Protocol - General Rules 77 // Article 3 of the Palermo Protocol - The Definition of Trafficking 80 Situation of Child Victims 91 Internal Trafficking 92 Summary 92 // 5 Sweden 96 Introduction 96 // Present Provision on Trafficking 98 Introduction 98 Improper Means 100 Trade Measures 122 Purpose 127 General Intent 129 Introduction 129 Different Forms of Intent 131 Participation 132 Introduction 132 Object of Participation 134 Act of Participation 134 Intent of the Accomplice ) 135 // Possibility of Relabeling an Accomplice as a Principal Perpetrator 136 Previous Provisions 137 // Placing a Person in a Distressful Situation 137 Provision from 2002 139 //

Provision from 2004 141 Other Relevant Provisions 145 Introduction 145 Kidnapping 146 // Unlawful Deprivation of Liberty 147 Procuring and Gross Procuring 148 Prohibition of the Purchase of Sexual Services 150 Sexual Crimes 152 Swedish Legislation through the Prism of Legal Transplants 159 Accessibility in the Swedish Context 159 Reception and Perception of the Original Source in Sweden 165 Sweden - Summary 179 Introduction 179 Legal Issues 179 Non-Legal Issues 185 // CONTENTS // VII // 6 Poland 188 // Introduction 188 // Present Provisions on Trafficking in Human Beings 189 Introduction 189 // Trafficking in Human Beings - Article 189 (a) 189 // Definition of Trafficking in Human Beings - Article 775, Section 22 191 // General Intent 206 Introduction 206 Dolus Directus 206 // Dolus Eventualis (zamiar wynikowy) 207 Criminal Participation 208 Introduction 208 Intent of the Accomplices 211 Previous Provisions 212 // Trafficking Provision from 196g 212 Trafficking Provision from 1997 212 Other Relevant Provisions 215 Slavery 215 Illegal Adoptions 216 Making a Person Engage in Prostitution 218 Procuring 219 // Obligation to Notify Authorities in the Case of Knowledge of Certain Crimes 221 Sexual Crimes 222 Polish Legislation through the Prism of Legal Transplants 225 Introduction 225 // Accessibility in the Polish Context 226 Reception and Perception of the Original Source in Poland 230 Poland - Summary 236 Introduction 236 Legal Issues 236 Non-Legal Issues 239 // 7 Russia 241 Introduction 241 // Present Provisions on Trafficking in Human Beings 242 Introduction 242 General Intent and the Specific Purpose of Exploitation 256 Introduction 256 // Direct Intent and Indirect Intent 259 Negligence and Thoughtlessness 260 // VIII // CONTENT // Participation 262 // Criminal Participation - Introduction and General Structure 262 Types of Accomplices 263

Responsibility of the Accomplices 265 Previous Provisions 266 Introduction 266 Kidnapping 267 // Unlawful Deprivation of Liberty 270 Procuring 272 Other Relevant Provisions 276 Introduction 276 Illegal Adoptions 276 // Forced Removal of Human Organs or Tissues for Transplantation 277 Sexual Crimes 279 Russian Legislation through the Prism of Legal Transplants 291 Introduction 291 // Accessibility in the Russian Context 292 Reception and Perception of the Original Source in Russia 298 Russia - Summary 303 Legal Issues 303 Non-Legal Issues 304 // 8 Conclusions and Comments de Lege Ferenda 306 // Introduction 306 // Central Findings Concerning the Original Source 308 Introduction 308 Legal Issues 308 // Other Important Questions of Both Legal and Non-Legal Nature 310 Central Findings: Sweden 310 Introduction 310 Legal Issues 311 Trafficking in a Legal Context 315 Non-Legal Issues 315 Central Findings: Poland 318 Introduction 318 Legal Issues 318 Non-Legal Issues 322 Central Findings: Russia 324 Introduction 324 Legal Issues 325 // CONTENTS // Non-Legal Issues 328 Conclusions and Suggestions 332 Introduction 332 Legal Issues 333 Re-conceptualization of the Trafficking Offence Possible Avenues for Future Research 343 // References 347 Index 366

(Au-PeEL)EBL1826875

(CaONFJC)MIL654999

(CaPaEBR)ebr10960931

(MiAaPQ)EBC1826875

(OCoLC)894171539